单核细胞和巨噬细胞在肺移植后调节免疫反应中的作用。
Role of monocytes and macrophages in regulating immune response following lung transplantation.
作者信息
Chiu Stephen, Bharat Ankit
机构信息
aDivision of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery bDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Organ Transplant. 2016 Jun;21(3):239-45. doi: 10.1097/MOT.0000000000000313.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Advances in the field of monocyte and macrophage biology have dramatically changed our understanding of their role during homeostasis and inflammation. Here we review the role of these important innate immune effectors in the lung during inflammatory challenges including lung transplantation.
RECENT FINDINGS
Neutrophil extravasation into lung tissue and the alveolar space have been shown to be pathogenic during acute lung injury as well as primary graft dysfunction following lung transplantation. Recent advances in lung immunology have demonstrated the remarkable plasticity of both monocytes and macrophages and demonstrated their importance as mediators of neutrophil recruitment and transendothelial migration during inflammation.
SUMMARY
Monocytes and macrophages are emerging as key players in mediating both the pathogen response and sterile lung inflammation, including that arising from barotrauma and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Ongoing studies will establish the mechanisms by which these monocytes and macrophages initiate a variety of immune response that lay the fundamental basis of injury response in the lung.
综述目的
单核细胞和巨噬细胞生物学领域的进展极大地改变了我们对它们在稳态和炎症过程中作用的理解。在此，我们综述这些重要的固有免疫效应细胞在包括肺移植在内的炎症挑战期间在肺中的作用。
最新发现
中性粒细胞向肺组织和肺泡腔的渗出在急性肺损伤以及肺移植后的原发性移植功能障碍期间已被证明具有致病性。肺免疫学的最新进展已证明单核细胞和巨噬细胞具有显著的可塑性，并证明了它们在炎症过程中作为中性粒细胞募集和跨内皮迁移介质的重要性。
总结
单核细胞和巨噬细胞正在成为介导病原体反应和无菌性肺炎症（包括气压伤和缺血-再灌注损伤引起的炎症）的关键因素。正在进行的研究将确定这些单核细胞和巨噬细胞启动各种免疫反应的机制，这些机制奠定了肺损伤反应的基础。
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