Liu Qingqing, Peng Hanyong, Lu Xiufen, Zuidhof Martin J, Li Xing-Fang, Le X Chris
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Environ Health Perspect. 2016 Aug;124(8):1174-81. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1510530. Epub 2016 Mar 18.
Chicken meat has the highest per capita consumption among all meat types in North America. The practice of feeding 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid (Roxarsone, Rox) to chickens lasted for more than 60 years. However, the fate of Rox and arsenic metabolites remaining in chicken are poorly understood.
We aimed to determine the elimination of Rox and metabolites from chickens and quantify the remaining arsenic species in chicken meat, providing necessary information for meaningful exposure assessment.
We have conducted a 35-day feeding experiment involving 1,600 chickens, of which half were control and the other half were fed a Rox-supplemented diet for the first 28 days and then a Rox-free diet for the final 7 days. We quantified the concentrations of individual arsenic species in the breast meat of 229 chickens.
Rox, arsenobetaine, arsenite, monomethylarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, and a new arsenic metabolite, were detected in breast meat from chickens fed Rox. The concentrations of arsenic species, except arsenobetaine, were significantly higher in the Rox-fed than in the control chickens. The half-lives of elimination of these arsenic species were 0.4-1 day. Seven days after termination of Rox feeding, the concentrations of arsenite (3.1 μg/kg), Rox (0.4 μg/kg), and a new arsenic metabolite (0.8 μg/kg) were significantly higher in the Rox-fed chickens than in the control.
Feeding of Rox to chickens increased the concentrations of five arsenic species in breast meat. Although most arsenic species were excreted rapidly when the feeding of Rox stopped, arsenic species remaining in the Rox-fed chickens were higher than the background levels.
Liu Q, Peng H, Lu X, Zuidhof MJ, Li XF, Le XC. 2016. Arsenic species in chicken breast: temporal variations of metabolites, elimination kinetics, and residual concentrations. Environ Health Perspect 124:1174-1181; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510530.
鸡肉在北美所有肉类中的人均消费量最高。给鸡喂食3-硝基-4-羟基苯胂酸（洛克沙胂，Rox）的做法持续了60多年。然而，人们对鸡体内残留的洛克沙胂及其砷代谢物的去向了解甚少。
我们旨在确定鸡体内洛克沙胂及其代谢物的消除情况，并对鸡肉中残留的砷种类进行定量，为有意义的暴露评估提供必要信息。
我们进行了一项为期35天的饲养实验，涉及1600只鸡，其中一半为对照组，另一半在前28天喂食添加了洛克沙胂的饲料，最后7天喂食不含洛克沙胂的饲料。我们对229只鸡胸肉中各砷种类的浓度进行了定量。
在喂食洛克沙胂的鸡的胸肉中检测到了洛克沙胂、砷甜菜碱、亚砷酸盐、一甲基胂酸、二甲基胂酸和一种新的砷代谢物。除砷甜菜碱外，喂食洛克沙胂的鸡体内砷种类的浓度显著高于对照组鸡。这些砷种类的消除半衰期为0.4 - 1天。停止喂食洛克沙胂7天后，喂食洛克沙胂的鸡体内亚砷酸盐（3.1μg/kg）、洛克沙胂（0.4μg/kg）和一种新的砷代谢物（0.8μg/kg）的浓度显著高于对照组。
给鸡喂食洛克沙胂会增加胸肉中五种砷种类的浓度。尽管停止喂食洛克沙胂后，大多数砷种类会迅速排出，但喂食洛克沙胂的鸡体内残留的砷种类仍高于背景水平。
Liu Q, Peng H, Lu X, Zuidhof MJ, Li XF, Le XC. 2016. Arsenic species in chicken breast: temporal variations of metabolites, elimination kinetics, and residual concentrations. Environ Health Perspect 124:1174 - 1181; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510530.
