Chávez Myra N, Aedo Geraldine, Fierro Fernando A, Allende Miguel L, Egaña José T
Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMunich, Germany; Department of Biology, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Faculty of Science, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, FONDAP Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS) and Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of ChileSantiago, Chile.
Department of Biology, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile.
Front Physiol. 2016 Mar 8;7:56. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00056. eCollection 2016.
Angiogenesis is the process through which new blood vessels are formed from preexisting ones and plays a critical role in several conditions including embryonic development, tissue repair and disease. Moreover, enhanced therapeutic angiogenesis is a major goal in the field of regenerative medicine and efficient vascularization of artificial tissues and organs is one of the main hindrances in the implementation of tissue engineering approaches, while, on the other hand, inhibition of angiogenesis is a key therapeutic target to inhibit for instance tumor growth. During the last decades, the understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in this process has been matter of intense research. In this regard, several in vitro and in vivo models have been established to visualize and study migration of endothelial progenitor cells, formation of endothelial tubules and the generation of new vascular networks, while assessing the conditions and treatments that either promote or inhibit such processes. In this review, we address and compare the most commonly used experimental models to study angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In particular, we focus on the implementation of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model to study angiogenesis and discuss the advantages and not yet explored possibilities of its use as model organism.
血管生成是指从已有的血管中形成新血管的过程，在包括胚胎发育、组织修复和疾病在内的多种情况中发挥着关键作用。此外，增强治疗性血管生成是再生医学领域的一个主要目标，而人工组织和器官的有效血管化是实施组织工程方法的主要障碍之一，另一方面，抑制血管生成是抑制肿瘤生长等的关键治疗靶点。在过去几十年里，对这一过程中涉及的细胞和分子机制的理解一直是深入研究的课题。在这方面，已经建立了几种体外和体内模型，以可视化和研究内皮祖细胞的迁移、内皮小管的形成以及新血管网络的生成，同时评估促进或抑制这些过程的条件和治疗方法。在这篇综述中，我们阐述并比较了体外和体内研究血管生成最常用的实验模型。特别地，我们重点介绍了将斑马鱼（Danio rerio）作为研究血管生成的模型的应用，并讨论了将其用作模式生物的优势以及尚未探索的可能性。
