美国挪威传统语言中的语法性：稳定性还是损耗？
Grammatical Gender in American Norwegian Heritage Language: Stability or Attrition?
作者信息
Lohndal Terje, Westergaard Marit
机构信息
Department of Language and Literature, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim, Norway; Department of Language and Culture, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of NorwayTromsø, Norway.
Department of Language and Culture, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of NorwayTromsø, Norway; Department of Language and Literature, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim, Norway.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2016 Mar 16;7:344. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00344. eCollection 2016.
This paper investigates possible attrition/change in the gender system of Norwegian heritage language spoken in America. Based on data from 50 speakers in the Corpus of American Norwegian Speech (CANS), we show that the three-gender system is to some extent retained, although considerable overgeneralization of the masculine (the most frequent gender) is attested. This affects both feminine and neuter gender forms, while declension class markers such as the definite suffix remain unaffected. We argue that the gender category is vulnerable due to the lack of transparency of gender assignment in Norwegian. Furthermore, unlike incomplete acquisition, which may result in a somewhat different or reduced gender system, attrition is more likely to lead to general erosion, eventually leading to complete loss of gender.
本文研究了在美国使用的挪威传统语言的性别系统中可能出现的损耗/变化。基于美国挪威语语料库（CANS）中50位使用者的数据，我们发现，尽管存在大量将阳性（最常见的性别）过度泛化的情况，但三性系统在一定程度上得以保留。这影响了阴性和中性的性别形式，而定格后缀等变格类标记则未受影响。我们认为，由于挪威语中性别分配缺乏透明度，性别范畴较为脆弱。此外，与不完全习得可能导致某种程度上不同或简化的性别系统不同，损耗更有可能导致整体的侵蚀，最终导致性别的完全丧失。
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