[Perceived needs of women regarding maternity. Qualitative study to redesign maternal education].

OBJECTIVES

To assess women's perceptions of their needs during the process of becoming a mother and identify what they want from maternal education.

DESIGN

Qualitative study with focus groups.

SETTING

Bizkaia health region, Basque Health Service (Osakidetza), Spain.

PARTICIPANTS

Thirty one women were recruited consecutively by midwives at six Osakidetza health centres.

METHODS

Four sessions were held from September to November 2010 in Bizkaia (Spain), the four groups being stratified by socioeconomic status and stage of the process (pregnancy vs. postnatal period). To collate the information related to the various topics discussed, we used manifest content analysis that was facilitated by use of ATLAS.ti software.

RESULTS

The focus of the women worries changes over time. In early pregnancy, women's main concern was for "everything to go well". As the pregnancy progressed, they needed more emotional support and wanted to feel confident and be self-reliant to face their fears of the birth and care for their child. They needed greater accompaniment in the puerperium and less pressure concerning breastfeeding. They also wanted an extended programme of perinatal rather than just antenatal education, which was more participatory and flexible and greater participation of their partner.

CONCLUSION

Women have the same social and family networks needs, regardless of cultural differences between Anglo-Saxon and Southern European countries. We recommend an perinatal education to empower women to manage their own health and that of their family and link the health system with other networks of personal and social support for women.