高功能自闭症谱系障碍成人的神经心理学相关性研究。
A study of the neuropsychological correlates in adults with high functioning autism spectrum disorders.
机构信息
1Clinical and Research Program in Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD,Massachusetts General Hospital,Boston,MA,USA.
3Florida State University College of Medicine,Tallahassee,FL,USA.
出版信息
Acta Neuropsychiatr. 2016 Oct;28(5):286-95. doi: 10.1017/neu.2016.12. Epub 2016 Apr 4.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the unique neuropsychological presentation in adults with high functioning autism spectrum disorders (HF-ASD) by comparison with adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
METHODS
Adults with ASD referred to a specialty clinic (n=26) were compared to two non-ASD groups with (n=52) and without (n=52) ADHD of similar age and sex.
RESULTS
No differences in IQ were found. Subjects with HF-ASD were significantly more impaired than both comparison groups in processing speed, cognitive flexibility and sight words. Subjects with HF-ASD were more impaired than controls in working memory, but not the ADHD group.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that there may be specific neuropsychological correlates of HF-ASD differing from ADHD that could have significant implications for identifying individuals at risk for ASD.
目的
通过与注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患者比较，研究高功能自闭症谱系障碍（HF-ASD）成人的独特神经心理学表现。
方法
将就诊于专科诊所的 ASD 成人（n=26）与具有（n=52）和不具有（n=52）ADHD 的两个非 ASD 组进行比较，两组在年龄和性别上相匹配。
结果
智商无差异。与两个对照组相比，HF-ASD 组在处理速度、认知灵活性和视觉词汇方面的损伤更为显著。HF-ASD 组在工作记忆方面的损伤比对照组更严重，但与 ADHD 组无差异。
结论
这些发现表明，HF-ASD 可能存在与 ADHD 不同的特定神经心理学相关性，这对识别 ASD 高危个体具有重要意义。
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