Pitt Christopher E
Aust Fam Physician. 2016 Jan-Feb;45(1):35-8.
General practitioners (GPs) are commonly asked about popular diets. The Palaeolithic diet is both highly popular and controversial.
This article reviews the published literature to establish the evidence for and against the Palaeolithic diet.
The Palaeolithic diet remains controversial because of exaggerated claims for it by wellness bloggers and celebrity chefs, and the contentious evolutionary discordance hypothesis on which it is based. However, a number of underpowered trials have suggested there may be some benefit to the Palaeolithic diet, especially in weight loss and the correction of metabolic dysfunction. Further research is warranted to test these early findings. GPs should caution patients who are on the Palaeolithic diet about adequate calcium intake, especially those at higher risk of osteoporosis.
全科医生（GPs）经常被问及流行的饮食方式。旧石器时代饮食既非常受欢迎又颇具争议。
本文回顾已发表的文献，以确立支持和反对旧石器时代饮食的证据。
旧石器时代饮食仍具争议，原因在于健康博主和名厨对其进行了夸大宣传，以及它所基于的有争议的进化不一致假说。然而，一些样本量不足的试验表明，旧石器时代饮食可能有一些益处，尤其是在减肥和纠正代谢功能障碍方面。有必要进行进一步研究以验证这些早期发现。全科医生应提醒采用旧石器时代饮食的患者注意充足的钙摄入，尤其是那些骨质疏松风险较高的患者。
