Houlden A, Goldrick M, Brough D, Vizi E S, Lénárt N, Martinecz B, Roberts I S, Denes A
Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Laboratory of Drug Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O.B. 67, H-1450 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Brain Behav Immun. 2016 Oct;57:10-20. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.04.003. Epub 2016 Apr 6.
Intestinal microbiota are critical for health with changes associated with diverse human diseases. Research suggests that altered intestinal microbiota can profoundly affect brain function. However, whether altering brain function directly affects the microbiota is unknown. Since it is currently unclear how brain injury induces clinical complications such as infections or paralytic ileus, key contributors to prolonged hospitalization and death post-stroke, we tested in mice the hypothesis that brain damage induced changes in the intestinal microbiota. Experimental stroke altered the composition of caecal microbiota, with specific changes in Peptococcaceae and Prevotellaceae correlating with the extent of injury. These effects are mediated by noradrenaline release from the autonomic nervous system with altered caecal mucoprotein production and goblet cell numbers. Traumatic brain injury also caused changes in the gut microbiota, confirming brain injury effects gut microbiota. Changes in intestinal microbiota after brain injury may affect recovery and treatment of patients should appreciate such changes.
肠道微生物群对健康至关重要，其变化与多种人类疾病相关。研究表明，肠道微生物群的改变会深刻影响大脑功能。然而，大脑功能的改变是否会直接影响微生物群尚不清楚。由于目前尚不清楚脑损伤如何引发感染或麻痹性肠梗阻等临床并发症，这些并发症是中风后延长住院时间和导致死亡的关键因素，我们在小鼠中测试了脑损伤会引起肠道微生物群变化这一假设。实验性中风改变了盲肠微生物群的组成，其中消化球菌科和普雷沃氏菌科的特定变化与损伤程度相关。这些影响是由自主神经系统释放的去甲肾上腺素介导的，同时盲肠粘蛋白产生和杯状细胞数量发生改变。创伤性脑损伤也会导致肠道微生物群的变化，证实了脑损伤对肠道微生物群有影响。脑损伤后肠道微生物群的变化可能会影响患者的康复和治疗，患者应了解此类变化。
