Peng Chao, Zhao Xinguo, Liu Saixi, Shi Wei, Han Yu, Guo Cheng, Jiang Jingang, Wan Haibo, Shen Tiedong, Liu Guangxu
College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
Sci Rep. 2016 Apr 11;6:24266. doi: 10.1038/srep24266.
Anthropogenic sound has increased significantly in the past decade. However, only a few studies to date have investigated its effects on marine bivalves, with little known about the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms. In the present study, the effects of different types, frequencies, and intensities of anthropogenic sounds on the digging behavior of razor clams (Sinonovacula constricta) were investigated. The results showed that variations in sound intensity induced deeper digging. Furthermore, anthropogenic sound exposure led to an alteration in the O:N ratios and the expression of ten metabolism-related genes from the glycolysis, fatty acid biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism, and Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (TCA cycle) pathways. Expression of all genes under investigation was induced upon exposure to anthropogenic sound at ~80 dB re 1 μPa and repressed at ~100 dB re 1 μPa sound. In addition, the activity of Ca(2+)/Mg(2+)-ATPase in the feet tissues, which is directly related to muscular contraction and subsequently to digging behavior, was also found to be affected by anthropogenic sound intensity. The findings suggest that sound may be perceived by bivalves as changes in the water particle motion and lead to the subsequent reactions detected in razor clams.
在过去十年中，人为噪声显著增加。然而，迄今为止只有少数研究调查了其对海洋双壳贝类的影响，对于潜在的生理和分子机制知之甚少。在本研究中，研究了不同类型、频率和强度的人为噪声对缢蛏（Sinonovacula constricta）挖掘行为的影响。结果表明，声音强度的变化会导致更深的挖掘。此外，暴露于人为噪声会导致缢蛏的O:N比值以及糖酵解、脂肪酸生物合成、色氨酸代谢和三羧酸循环（TCA循环）途径中十个与代谢相关基因的表达发生改变。在暴露于约80 dB re 1 μPa的人为噪声时，所有被研究基因的表达均被诱导，而在约100 dB re 1 μPa的噪声下则受到抑制。此外，足部组织中与肌肉收缩以及随后的挖掘行为直接相关的Ca(2+)/Mg(2+)-ATPase活性也被发现受到人为噪声强度的影响。这些发现表明，双壳贝类可能将声音视为水颗粒运动的变化，并导致在缢蛏中检测到的后续反应。
