Peng Li-Hua, Jing Ju-Yin, Qin Pei-Pei, Su Min
Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2016 Apr 20;129(8):936-41. doi: 10.4103/0366-6999.179788.
Pain is a common burden of disease globally; yet, it is not systematically investigated in China, especially in hospitalized patients. This study was aimed at clarifying the epidemiological characteristics of pain and related factors in hospitalized patients in Southwest China.
A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, severity, and influencing factors of pain and modes of postoperative analgesia in hospitalized patients from 17 hospitals in Southwest China. A prevalidated questionnaire was employed to calibrate all of these items within 3 days from March 18, 2015 to March 20, 2015.
A total of 2293 patients were surveyed, the incidence of pain was 57.4% in all hospitalized patients at rest, of which 62.1% were with acute pain and 37.9% had persistent to chronic pain. Among surgical patients, 90.8% of them complained of acute postoperative pain at rest and 97.1% in motion. The incidence of acute postoperative moderate-to-severe pain was 28.8% at rest and 45.1% in motion. Surgical patients reported higher incidences of pain, especially acute and persistent pain compared with nonsurgical patients (P < 0.05). Postoperative pain occurred predominately at surgical sites (95.2%) as compared with nonsurgical sites (4.8%). Agedness, lower education level, surgery, and history of smoking were factors associated with increased duration and severity of postoperative pain and nonsurgical pain (P < 0.05).
Pain is a common burden of disease in China, of which surgical pain constituted an important component. Surgical patients complained more severe pain than those who did not undergo surgery. Postoperative analgesia still needs to be improved to control pain after surgery. Patients' perception might influence the efficacy of pain management, which should be implemented with a multidisciplinary approach.
疼痛是全球常见的疾病负担；然而，在中国尚未对其进行系统研究，尤其是住院患者。本研究旨在阐明中国西南地区住院患者疼痛的流行病学特征及相关因素。
采用横断面研究，调查中国西南地区17家医院住院患者疼痛的患病率、严重程度、影响因素及术后镇痛方式。使用经过预验证的问卷，于2015年3月18日至20日的3天内对所有这些项目进行校准。
共调查2293例患者，所有住院患者静息时疼痛发生率为57.4%，其中62.1%为急性疼痛，37.9%为持续性至慢性疼痛。手术患者中，90.8%静息时主诉术后急性疼痛，97.1%活动时疼痛。术后急性中重度疼痛静息时发生率为28.8%，活动时为45.1%。与非手术患者相比，手术患者疼痛发生率更高，尤其是急性和持续性疼痛（P<0.05）。与非手术部位（4.8%）相比，术后疼痛主要发生在手术部位（95.2%）。年龄较大、教育程度较低、手术及吸烟史是与术后疼痛和非手术疼痛持续时间及严重程度增加相关的因素（P<0.05）。
疼痛是中国常见的疾病负担，其中手术疼痛是重要组成部分。手术患者主诉的疼痛比未接受手术者更严重。术后镇痛仍需改进以控制术后疼痛。患者的认知可能影响疼痛管理的效果，应采用多学科方法实施。
