Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China.
Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, ON, Canada L5L 1C6.
Analyst. 2016 May 10;141(10):2838-60. doi: 10.1039/c6an00129g.
Point-of-care and in-field technologies for rapid, sensitive and selective detection of molecular biomarkers have attracted much interest. Rugged bioassay technology capable of fast detection of markers for pathogens and genetic diseases would in particular impact the quality of health care in the developing world, but would also make possible more extensive screening in developed countries to tackle problems such as those associated with water and food quality, and tracking of infectious organisms in hospitals and clinics. Literature trends indicate an increasing interest in the use of nanomaterials, and in particular luminescent nanoparticles, for assay development. These materials may offer attributes for development of assays and sensors that could achieve improvements in analytical figures of merit, and provide practical advantages in sensitivity and stability. There is opportunity for cost-efficiency and technical simplicity by implementation of luminescent nanomaterials as the basis for transduction technology, when combined with the use of paper substrates, and the ubiquitous availability of cell phone cameras and associated infrastructure for optical detection and transmission of results. Luminescent nanoparticles have been described for a broad range of bioanalytical targets including small molecules, oligonucleotides, peptides, proteins, saccharides and whole cells (e.g., cancer diagnostics). The luminescent nanomaterials that are described herein for paper-based bioassays include metal nanoparticles, quantum dots and lanthanide-doped nanocrystals. These nanomaterials often have broad and strong absorption and narrow emission bands that improve opportunity for multiplexed analysis, and can be designed to provide emission at wavelengths that are efficiently processed by conventional digital cameras. Luminescent nanoparticles can be embedded in paper substrates that are designed to direct fluid flow, and the resulting combination of technologies can offer competitive analytical performance at relatively low cost.
即时检测和现场检测技术在快速、灵敏和选择性检测分子生物标志物方面引起了广泛关注。坚固耐用的生物检测技术能够快速检测病原体和遗传疾病标志物，这将特别影响发展中国家的医疗保健质量，但也将使发达国家能够更广泛地进行筛查，以解决与水和食品安全以及医院和诊所中传染病原追踪相关的问题。文献趋势表明，人们越来越关注纳米材料，特别是发光纳米粒子在分析方法开发中的应用。这些材料可能为分析方法和传感器的开发提供特性，从而改善分析性能，并在灵敏度和稳定性方面提供实际优势。通过将发光纳米材料用作基于转导技术的基础材料，结合纸张基底的使用，以及无处不在的手机摄像头和相关的光学检测及结果传输基础设施的使用，实现成本效益和技术简单性是有机会的。发光纳米粒子已被用于广泛的生物分析目标，包括小分子、寡核苷酸、肽、蛋白质、糖和全细胞（例如癌症诊断）。本文所述的用于基于纸张的生物测定的发光纳米材料包括金属纳米粒子、量子点和镧系掺杂纳米晶体。这些纳米材料通常具有较宽和较强的吸收以及较窄的发射带，这提高了多重分析的机会，并且可以设计为提供被传统数码相机有效处理的波长的发射。发光纳米粒子可以嵌入设计用于引导流体流动的纸张基底中，并且这些技术的组合可以提供具有相对较低成本的有竞争力的分析性能。
