Morimoto Hiroshi, Tanaka Hideki, Ohkubo Reina, Mimura Maki, Ooe Noriko, Ichikawa Akane, Yukitoshi Hiroe
Faculty of Psychology, Hiroshima International University, 555-36 Kurose-gakuendai, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-2695 Japan.
Graduate School of Psychological Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 1-5 Noboricho, Naka Ward, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 730-0016 Japan.
Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2016;14:177-185. doi: 10.1007/s41105-015-0037-3. Epub 2015 Dec 2.
The present pilot study examined the effectiveness of self-help therapy (SHT) in hospital nurses in Japan. Twenty-five hospital nurses (22 female, mean age 39.7 ± 14.6 years) participated in a 90-min workshop covering sleep hygiene education and brief stress management. After the workshop, participants in the SHT group ( = 10) were asked to practice good sleep habits, relaxation techniques, and keep a sleep diary, whereas participants in the control group ( = 15) were not. Pre- and post-test questionnaires, including the Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (J-PSQI), were administered at a 2-week interval to assess subjective sleep quality, sleepiness, depressive symptoms, burnout, and quality of life. Changes in outcomes by treatment conditions were compared using linear mixed models. We found significant improvement in subjective sleep quality (global PSQI scores) in the SHT group, with Cohen's of 0.40. Participants with sleep problems at pre-test in the SHT group (scoring above the PSQI-J cut-off point) showed significant reduction in sleep latency and sleep disturbance, while those in the control group did not (Cohen's of 0.48 and 0.15, respectively). No significant improvement was found in the SHT group for sleepiness, although a clinically significant change was observed for subjective sleep quality and sleepiness in this group. No significant improvement was observed in either group for depressive symptoms, burnout, and quality of life. Our results provide preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of SHT for sleep problems in hospital nurses in Japan.
本试点研究考察了自助疗法（SHT）对日本医院护士的有效性。25名医院护士（22名女性，平均年龄39.7±14.6岁）参加了一个为期90分钟的工作坊，内容包括睡眠卫生教育和简短的压力管理。工作坊结束后，SHT组（n = 10）的参与者被要求养成良好的睡眠习惯、练习放松技巧并记录睡眠日记，而对照组（n = 15）的参与者则没有。每隔两周发放包括日文版匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（J-PSQI）在内的前后测问卷，以评估主观睡眠质量、嗜睡程度、抑郁症状、倦怠和生活质量。使用线性混合模型比较不同治疗条件下结果的变化。我们发现SHT组的主观睡眠质量（总体PSQI评分）有显著改善，科恩d值为0.40。SHT组中前测时有睡眠问题（得分高于PSQI-J临界值）的参与者睡眠潜伏期和睡眠障碍显著减少，而对照组则没有（科恩d值分别为0.48和0.15）。SHT组的嗜睡程度没有显著改善，尽管该组在主观睡眠质量和嗜睡程度方面观察到了具有临床意义的变化。两组在抑郁症状、倦怠和生活质量方面均未观察到显著改善。我们的结果为SHT对日本医院护士睡眠问题的有效性提供了初步证据。
