Chun Grace J, Sautter Jessica M, Patterson Brandon J, McGhan William F
Grace J. Chun is a PharmD Candidate in the Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. Jessica M. Sautter is with the Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia. At the time of the study, Brandon J. Patterson and William F. McGhan were with the Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia.
Am J Public Health. 2016 Jun;106(6):1099-100. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303142. Epub 2016 Apr 14.
To examine pharmacy-based influenza vaccination using diffusion of innovation theory.
We used 1993 to 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to generate weighted prevalence rates of influenza vaccination, stratified by age (18-64 years vs ≥ 65 years) and state of residence. The diffusion of innovation theory adopter categories were residents of states allowing pharmacist vaccination before 1996 ("innovator/early adopters"), between 1996 and 1998 ("early majority"), between 1999 and 2004 ("late majority"), and in 2007 or later ("laggards").
For adults aged 18 to 64 years, vaccination rates were similar before the innovation (1993), diverged as the innovation reached the majority (2003), and were significantly lower for laggard states by 2013. Younger adults' vaccination rates steadily increased from 12% to 16% in 1993 to 29% to 36% in 2013. For older adults, there was no significant difference in vaccination rates between adopter categories in any year and no advantage associated with adoption category.
Key features of pharmacy-based vaccination, including relative advantage and compatibility, are most relevant to younger adults; different interventions are warranted for older adults.
运用创新扩散理论研究基于药房的流感疫苗接种情况。
我们使用1993年至2013年行为危险因素监测系统的数据，以生成按年龄（18 - 64岁与≥65岁）和居住州分层的流感疫苗接种加权患病率。创新扩散理论的采用者类别为1996年之前允许药剂师接种疫苗的州的居民（“创新者/早期采用者”）、1996年至1998年期间的居民（“早期多数”）、1999年至2004年期间的居民（“晚期多数”）以及2007年或更晚的居民（“落后者”）。
对于18至64岁的成年人，在创新之前（1993年）接种率相似，随着创新普及到多数人群（2003年）出现分化，到2013年落后州的接种率显著更低。年轻成年人的接种率从1993年的12%稳步上升至2013年的16%，再到29%至36%。对于老年人，各采用者类别在任何年份的接种率均无显著差异，且与采用类别无关。
基于药房的疫苗接种的关键特征，包括相对优势和兼容性，与年轻成年人最为相关；对于老年人需要采取不同的干预措施。
