Virzì Grazia Maria, Clementi Anna, Brocca Alessandra, de Cal Massimo, Ronco Claudio
Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.
Pathobiology. 2016;83(4):201-10. doi: 10.1159/000444502. Epub 2016 Apr 21.
The term 'cardiorenal syndrome' (CRS) encloses a scenario of clinical interactions in which cardiac and renal dysfunctions coexist. The cross talk between the heart and the kidney is clearly evidenced but not fully understood. Indeed, different factors have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of CRS, such as systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and immune dysregulation. Recently, considerable attention has been paid to the role of new alternative mechanisms which may be implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiorenal cross talk. In this review, we will focus on epigenetics, prenatal programming, small noncoding RNAs and extracellular vesicles, aiming to elucidate their possible role in heart and kidney diseases.
“心肾综合征”（CRS）一词涵盖了心脏和肾脏功能障碍并存的临床相互作用情况。心脏和肾脏之间的相互作用已得到明确证实，但尚未完全了解。事实上，已表明不同因素参与了CRS的发病机制，如全身炎症、氧化应激、细胞凋亡和免疫失调。最近，人们相当关注可能参与心肾相互作用发病机制的新的替代机制的作用。在本综述中，我们将重点关注表观遗传学、产前编程、小非编码RNA和细胞外囊泡，旨在阐明它们在心脏和肾脏疾病中可能发挥的作用。
