Radom-Aizik Shlomit, Cooper Dan M
Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center (PERC) Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California.
Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2016 May;28(2):194-201. doi: 10.1123/pes.2015-0270.
In this review, we highlight promising new discoveries that may generate useful and clinically relevant insights into the mechanisms that link exercise with growth during critical periods of development. Growth in childhood and adolescence is unique among mammals and is a dynamic process regulated by an evolution of hormonal and inflammatory mediators, age-dependent progression of gene expression, and environmentally modulated epigenetic mechanisms. Many of these same processes likely affect molecular transducers of physical activity. How the molecular signaling associated with growth is synchronized with signaling associated with exercise is poorly understood. Recent advances in "omics"-namely genomics and epigenetics, metabolomics, and proteomics-now provide exciting approaches and tools that can be used for the first time to address this gap. A biologic definition of "healthy" exercise that links the metabolic transducers of physical activity with parallel processes that regulate growth will transform health policy and guidelines that promote optimal use of physical activity.
在本综述中，我们重点介绍了一些有前景的新发现，这些发现可能会为在发育关键期将运动与生长联系起来的机制提供有用且与临床相关的见解。童年和青春期的生长在哺乳动物中是独特的，是一个由激素和炎症介质的演变、基因表达的年龄依赖性进展以及环境调节的表观遗传机制所调控的动态过程。许多这些相同的过程可能会影响身体活动的分子传感器。与生长相关的分子信号如何与与运动相关的信号同步，目前还知之甚少。“组学”（即基因组学和表观遗传学、代谢组学和蛋白质组学）方面的最新进展，现在提供了令人兴奋的方法和工具，首次可用于填补这一空白。将身体活动的代谢传感器与调节生长的平行过程联系起来的“健康”运动的生物学定义，将改变促进最佳利用身体活动的健康政策和指南。
