1] Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1, Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan [2] Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1, Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2013 Nov 20;3:3267. doi: 10.1038/srep03267.
Although it is clear that lipids are responsible for insulin resistance, it is poorly understood what types of lipids are involved. In this study, we verified the characteristic lipid species in skeletal muscle of a chronic exercise training model and a high-fat induced-obesity model. Three different lipidomics analyses revealed phospholipid qualitative changes. As a result, linoleic acid-containing phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin and docosahexanoic acid-containing phosphatidylcholine were characterized as chronic exercise training-induced lipids. On the contrary, arachidonic acid-containing phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylinositol were characterized as high-fat diet-induced lipids. In addition, minor sphingomyelin, which has long-chain fatty acids, was identified as a high-fat diet-specific lipid. This is the first report to reveal compositional changes in phospholipid molecular species in chronic exercise and high-fat-diet-induced insulin-resistant models. Due to their influence on cell permeability and receptor stability at the cell membrane, these molecules may contribute to the mechanisms underlying insulin sensitivity and several metabolic disorders.
尽管脂质是导致胰岛素抵抗的原因已很明确，但人们对涉及的脂质类型知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们验证了慢性运动训练模型和高脂肪诱导肥胖模型的骨骼肌中的特征脂质种类。三种不同的脂质组学分析揭示了磷脂的定性变化。结果表明，亚油酸含量的磷脂酰胆碱和神经鞘磷脂以及二十二碳六烯酸含量的磷脂酰胆碱是慢性运动训练诱导的脂质。相反，花生四烯酸含量的磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酰肌醇是高脂肪饮食诱导的脂质。此外，长链脂肪酸的少量神经鞘磷脂被鉴定为高脂肪饮食特异性脂质。这是首次报道揭示慢性运动和高脂肪饮食诱导的胰岛素抵抗模型中磷脂分子种类的组成变化。由于它们对细胞膜的细胞通透性和受体稳定性的影响，这些分子可能有助于胰岛素敏感性和几种代谢紊乱的机制。
