Breuer Erica, Lee Lucy, De Silva Mary, Lund Crick
Alan J. Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, 46 Sawkins Road, Rondebosch, 7700, Cape Town, South Africa.
Centre for Global Mental Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
Implement Sci. 2016 May 6;11:63. doi: 10.1186/s13012-016-0422-6.
Despite the increasing popularity of the theory of change (ToC) approach, little is known about the extent to which ToC has been used in the design and evaluation of public health interventions. This review aims to determine how ToCs have been developed and used in the development and evaluation of public health interventions globally.
We searched for papers reporting the use of "theory of change" in the development or evaluation of public health interventions in databases of peer-reviewed journal articles such as Scopus, Pubmed, PsychInfo, grey literature databases, Google and websites of development funders. We included papers of any date, language or study design. Both abstracts and full text papers were double screened. Data were extracted and narratively and quantitatively summarised.
A total of 62 papers were included in the review. Forty-nine (79 %) described the development of ToC, 18 (29 %) described the use of ToC in the development of the intervention and 49 (79 %) described the use of ToC in the evaluation of the intervention. Although a large number of papers were included in the review, their descriptions of the ToC development and use in intervention design and evaluation lacked detail.
The use of the ToC approach is widespread in the public health literature. Clear reporting of the ToC process and outputs is important to strengthen the body of literature on practical application of ToC in order to develop our understanding of the benefits and advantages of using ToC. We also propose a checklist for reporting on the use of ToC to ensure transparent reporting and recommend that our checklist is used and refined by authors reporting the ToC approach.
尽管变革理论（ToC）方法越来越受欢迎，但对于ToC在公共卫生干预措施的设计和评估中的应用程度却知之甚少。本综述旨在确定ToC在全球公共卫生干预措施的开发和评估中是如何被开发和使用的。
我们在同行评审期刊文章数据库（如Scopus、Pubmed、PsychInfo）、灰色文献数据库、谷歌以及发展资助者的网站中搜索报告在公共卫生干预措施的开发或评估中使用“变革理论”的论文。我们纳入任何日期、语言或研究设计的论文。摘要和全文论文均进行了双重筛选。提取数据并进行叙述性和定量总结。
本综述共纳入62篇论文。49篇（79%）描述了ToC的开发，18篇（29%）描述了ToC在干预措施开发中的应用，49篇（79%）描述了ToC在干预措施评估中的应用。尽管综述纳入了大量论文，但它们对ToC在干预设计和评估中的开发和应用的描述缺乏细节。
ToC方法在公共卫生文献中的应用很广泛。清晰报告ToC过程和产出对于加强关于ToC实际应用的文献体系很重要，以便增进我们对使用ToC的益处和优势的理解。我们还提出了一份关于报告ToC使用情况的清单，以确保透明报告，并建议报告ToC方法的作者使用并完善我们的清单。
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