Weindl Lucia, Frank Elisabeth, Ullrich Ulrike, Heurich Marco, Kleta Sylvia, Ellerbroek Lüppo, Gareis Manfred
1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Faculty , LMU Munich, Munich, Germany .
2 Department of Research and Documentation, Bavarian Forest National Park , Grafenau, Germany .
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2016 Jul;13(7):391-7. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2015.2061. Epub 2016 May 9.
In the past, Listeria monocytogenes has been isolated from game feces and meat. However, less information is available on the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in other specimens originating from game animals. Hence, the aim of this study was to get an overview of the occurrence and distribution of L. monocytogenes in game animals by characterization of isolates from different matrices. For that purpose, samples were collected from red deer (Cervus elaphus), wild boars (Sus scrofa), and feed during the hunting season 2011-2012 in three different regions of Germany and Austria. Six samples from each animal were examined: tonsils, content of the rumen or the stomach, liver, intestinal lymph nodes, cecum content, and feces. Nineteen of 45 red deer and 12 of 49 wild boars were found to be positive for L. monocytogenes as well as 4 of 22 pooled feed samples. L. monocytogenes was isolated most frequently from the rumen of red deer (14 of 19) and the tonsils of wild boars (7 of 12). Serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 4a, and 4b were detected in samples of game animals and feed, and serotypes 1/2a and 4b were the most prevalent serotypes. The presence of L. monocytogenes serotype 4a had not yet been described in red deer. This might be due to the fact that it was only isolated from the content of rumen and that no other study has yet examined ruminal content. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed a wide variety of strains. Some strains occurred in both species and feed samples, but one strain was dominant in one region. The results show that red deer and wild boars can be carriers of L. monocytogenes in different matrices, although the feces samples can be negative.
过去，曾从野生动物粪便和肉类中分离出单核细胞增生李斯特菌。然而，关于源自野生动物的其他样本中单核细胞增生李斯特菌的存在情况，相关信息较少。因此，本研究的目的是通过对来自不同基质的分离株进行鉴定，全面了解单核细胞增生李斯特菌在野生动物中的存在情况和分布。为此，在2011 - 2012年狩猎季节，从德国和奥地利的三个不同地区采集了马鹿（Cervus elaphus）、野猪（Sus scrofa）以及饲料样本。对每只动物的六个样本进行了检测：扁桃体、瘤胃或胃内容物、肝脏、肠淋巴结、盲肠内容物和粪便。45只马鹿中有19只、49头野猪中有12只以及22份混合饲料样本中有4份被检测出单核细胞增生李斯特菌呈阳性。单核细胞增生李斯特菌最常从马鹿的瘤胃（19份中有14份）和野猪的扁桃体（12份中有7份）中分离出来。在野生动物和饲料样本中检测到了1/2a、1/2b、4a和4b血清型，其中1/2a和4b血清型最为常见。在马鹿中尚未有单核细胞增生李斯特菌4a血清型存在的报道。这可能是因为它仅从瘤胃内容物中分离出来，且尚无其他研究对瘤胃内容物进行过检测。脉冲场凝胶电泳显示菌株种类繁多。一些菌株同时存在于两种动物和饲料样本中，但在一个地区有一种菌株占主导地位。结果表明，马鹿和野猪在不同基质中都可能是单核细胞增生李斯特菌的携带者，尽管粪便样本可能为阴性。
