Pisano Michele, Hilas Olga
St. John's University, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Queens, New York, USA.
Consult Pharm. 2016 May;31(5):267-70. doi: 10.4140/TCP.n.2016.267.
According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, 35% to 45% of adults 60 years of age or older had zinc intakes below the estimated average requirement of 6.8 mg/day for elderly females and 9.4 mg/day for elderly males. Zinc deficiency may lead to loss of appetite, impaired immune function, weight loss, delayed healing of wounds, eye and skin lesions, and smell and taste disturbances. Older adults are especially affected by changes in taste sensations because of age-related gustatory dysfunction, use of multiple medications, increased frailty, and zinc deficiency. This article reviews the finding of clinical studies investigating the use of zinc supplementation for improvement with taste disturbances in older adults.
根据第三次全国健康与营养检查调查，60岁及以上的成年人中，35%至45%的人锌摄入量低于估计的平均需求量，老年女性为6.8毫克/天，老年男性为9.4毫克/天。锌缺乏可能导致食欲不振、免疫功能受损、体重减轻、伤口愈合延迟、眼睛和皮肤病变以及嗅觉和味觉障碍。由于与年龄相关的味觉功能障碍、多种药物的使用、身体虚弱加剧以及锌缺乏，老年人尤其受到味觉变化的影响。本文综述了关于使用锌补充剂改善老年人味觉障碍的临床研究结果。
