Zwolak Michael, Riedel C Jess, Zurek Wojciech H
Department of Physics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada.
Sci Rep. 2016 May 19;6:25277. doi: 10.1038/srep25277.
Quantum Darwinism recognizes the role of the environment as a communication channel: Decoherence can selectively amplify information about the pointer states of a system of interest (preventing access to complementary information about their superpositions) and can make records of this information accessible to many observers. This redundancy explains the emergence of objective, classical reality in our quantum Universe. Here, we demonstrate that the amplification of information in realistic spin environments can be quantified by the quantum Chernoff information, which characterizes the distinguishability of partial records in individual environment subsystems. We show that, except for a set of initial states of measure zero, the environment always acquires redundant information. Moreover, the Chernoff information captures the rich behavior of amplification in both finite and infinite spin environments, from quadratic growth of the redundancy to oscillatory behavior. These results will considerably simplify experimental testing of quantum Darwinism, e.g., using nitrogen vacancies in diamond.
退相干可以选择性地放大关于感兴趣系统指针态的信息（阻止获取关于其叠加态的互补信息），并能使许多观察者都能获取该信息的记录。这种冗余性解释了我们量子宇宙中客观经典现实的出现。在此，我们证明了在实际自旋环境中信息的放大可以用量子切尔诺夫信息来量化，它表征了各个环境子系统中部分记录的可区分性。我们表明，除了一组测度为零的初始态外，环境总是会获取冗余信息。此外，切尔诺夫信息捕捉了有限和无限自旋环境中放大的丰富行为，从冗余的二次增长到振荡行为。这些结果将极大地简化量子达尔文主义的实验测试，例如利用金刚石中的氮空位进行测试。
