Deguchi Yasuhiko, Iwasaki Shinichi, Konishi Akihito, Ishimoto Hideyuki, Ogawa Koichiro, Fukuda Yuichi, Nitta Tomoko, Inoue Koki
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
PLoS One. 2016 May 26;11(5):e0156339. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156339. eCollection 2016.
The relationship between temperaments and mental disorders has been reported in previous studies, but there has been little attention to temperaments in the occupational safety and health research. The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of temperaments on occupational stress among local government employees. The subjects were 145 Japanese daytime workers in local government. Temperaments were assessed by the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego-Auto questionnaire (TEMPS-A). Occupational stress was assessed using the Generic Job Stress Questionnaire (GJSQ). Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used. Hyperthymic temperament predicted a higher level of job control, and a lower level of role ambiguity and job future ambiguity. Irritable temperament predicted a lower level of social support from supervisors and a higher level of role conflict, variance in workload and intragroup conflict. Anxious temperament predicted a lower level of social support from coworkers and a higher level of job future ambiguity. The sample size was small. Only Japanese local government employees were surveyed. Hyperthymic temperament played a protective role, and irritable, anxious temperament played a vulnerable role against one's own occupational stress and recognizing the roles they play in work life would lead to self-insight. Additionally, recognition of the temperaments and temperament-related stressors by one's supervisors or coworkers would facilitate provision of social support.
以往研究报告了气质与精神障碍之间的关系，但职业安全与健康研究中对气质的关注较少。本研究的目的是阐明气质对地方政府雇员职业压力的影响。研究对象为145名日本地方政府的日间工作人员。采用孟菲斯、比萨、巴黎和圣地亚哥气质评估-自动问卷（TEMPS-A）评估气质。使用通用工作压力问卷（GJSQ）评估职业压力。采用分层多元线性回归分析。轻躁狂气质预示着较高的工作控制水平、较低的角色模糊和工作未来模糊水平。易怒气质预示着较低的上级社会支持水平和较高的角色冲突、工作量差异和群体内冲突水平。焦虑气质预示着较低的同事社会支持水平和较高的工作未来模糊水平。样本量较小。仅对日本地方政府雇员进行了调查。轻躁狂气质起到了保护作用，易怒、焦虑气质在自身职业压力方面起到了易损作用，认识到它们在工作生活中所起的作用将带来自我洞察。此外，上级或同事对气质及与气质相关的压力源的认识将有助于提供社会支持。
