Nielsen Hilde G, Øktedalen Olav, Opstad Per-Kristian, Lyberg Torstein
Division for Society and Health, Department of Health, The Research Council of Norway, P.O. Box 564, 1327 Lysaker, Norway.
Department of Infectious Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, 0407 Oslo, Norway.
J Sports Med (Hindawi Publ Corp). 2016;2016:7186137. doi: 10.1155/2016/7186137. Epub 2016 Apr 28.
The open window theory indicates altered immunity 3 to 72 hours after exercise. The J-curve describes the risk of illness in response to exercise. The aim of this study was to examine the secretion of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines before and after long-term strenuous exercise. Fourteen marathon and 16 half-marathon runners and 10 military cadets participating in a military ranger-training course were recruited to this study. Within-subject design was used measuring levels of plasma cytokines before, during, and after exercise. Plasma cytokines were measured using Luminex multiplex technology and ELISA. Comparing pre/post plasma levels both the marathon- and the half-marathon runners showed heavily increased levels of IL-6, IL-10, and IL-8 (P < 0.001). LPS stimulation among the half-marathon runners decreased the postrace levels of IL-6, IL-1b, and TNFα by 45%, 24%, and 43%, respectively (P < 0.01). During the ranger training course the spontaneous and LPS-stimulated levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1b, and TNFα changed in a similar fashion as in the half-marathon runners although the fluctuations were smaller. Our study supports the open window and the J-curve theory; the immune system is more activated and the subjects are more threatened to infectious pathogens after intensive physical activity and in the period after exercise.
开窗理论表明运动后3至72小时免疫力会发生改变。J曲线描述了运动后患病的风险。本研究的目的是检测长期剧烈运动前后促炎和抗炎细胞因子的分泌情况。本研究招募了14名马拉松运动员、16名半程马拉松运动员以及10名参加军事突击队员训练课程的军校学员。采用受试者内设计，测量运动前、运动期间和运动后的血浆细胞因子水平。使用Luminex多重技术和酶联免疫吸附测定法测量血浆细胞因子。比较运动前后的血浆水平，马拉松运动员和半程马拉松运动员的白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）和白细胞介素-8（IL-8）水平均大幅升高（P < 0.001）。半程马拉松运动员中脂多糖刺激后，赛后IL-6、IL-1β和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）水平分别下降了45%、24%和43%（P < 0.01）。在突击队员训练课程期间，IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-1β和TNFα的自发和脂多糖刺激水平变化与半程马拉松运动员相似，尽管波动较小。我们的研究支持开窗理论和J曲线理论；在剧烈体育活动后以及运动后的一段时间内，免疫系统被更强烈地激活，受试者更容易受到传染性病原体的威胁。
