Sobral Filipa, Sampaio Andreia, Falcão Soraia, Queiroz Maria João R P, Calhelha Ricardo C, Vilas-Boas Miguel, Ferreira Isabel C F R
Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
Centro de Química da Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2016 Aug;94:172-7. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.06.008. Epub 2016 Jun 8.
Bee venom (BV) or apitoxin is a complex mixture of substances with reported biological activity. In the present work, five bee venom samples obtained from Apis mellifera iberiensis from the Northeast Portugal (two different apiaries) were chemically characterized and evaluated for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties. The LC/DAD/ESI-MS(n) analysis of the samples showed that melittin was the most abundant compound, followed by phospholipase A2 and apamin. All the samples revealed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity but without a direct relation with any of the individual chemical components identified. The results highlight that there are specific concentrations (present in BV5) in which these compounds are more active. The BV samples showed similar cytotoxicity for all the tested tumour cell lines (MCF-7, NCI-H460, HeLa and HepG2), being MCF-7 and HeLa the most susceptible ones. Nevertheless, the studied samples seem to be suitable to treat breast, hepatocellular and cervical carcinoma because at the active concentrations, the samples were not toxic for non-tumour cells (PLP2). Regarding the non-small cell lung carcinoma, BV should be used under the toxic concentration for non-tumour cells. Overall, the present study corroborates the enormous bioactive potential of BV being the first report on samples from Portugal.
蜂毒（BV）或蜂毒素是一种具有多种生物活性的复杂物质混合物。在本研究中，对从葡萄牙东北部（两个不同养蜂场）的伊比利亚蜜蜂采集的五个蜂毒样本进行了化学表征，并评估了它们的抗氧化、抗炎和细胞毒性特性。样本的液相色谱/二极管阵列检测器/电喷雾电离质谱（n）分析表明，蜂毒肽是最丰富的化合物，其次是磷脂酶A2和蜂毒明肽。所有样本均显示出抗氧化和抗炎活性，但与所鉴定的任何单个化学成分均无直接关系。结果表明，存在特定浓度（存在于BV5中）时，这些化合物的活性更高。蜂毒样本对所有测试的肿瘤细胞系（MCF-7、NCI-H460、HeLa和HepG2）表现出相似的细胞毒性，其中MCF-7和HeLa最为敏感。然而，研究样本似乎适合用于治疗乳腺癌、肝癌和宫颈癌，因为在活性浓度下，样本对非肿瘤细胞（PLP2）无毒。对于非小细胞肺癌，蜂毒应在对非肿瘤细胞有毒的浓度以下使用。总体而言，本研究证实了蜂毒具有巨大的生物活性潜力，这是关于葡萄牙样本的首次报告。
