Mao Lingling, Zhang Enmin, Wang Zijiang, Li Yan, Zhou Hang, Liu Xuesheng, Zhang Huijuan, Cai Hong, Liang Xudong, Sun Yingwei, Zhang Zhikai, Li Wei, Yao Wenqing, Wei Jianchun
Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Changping, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2016 Jun 14;11(6):e0157496. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157496. eCollection 2016.
Anthrax is a continuous threat in China, especially in rural regions. In July 2015, an anthrax outbreak occurred in Xifeng County, Liaoning Province. A total of 10 cutaneous anthrax cases were reported, with 210 people under medical observation. In this study, the general characteristics of human anthrax outbreak occurred in Liaoning Province were described, and all cases were caused by butchering and contacting sick animal. Meanwhile, the phylogenetic relationship between outbreak-related isolates/samples of the year 2015 and previous Bacillus anthracis strains was analyzed by means of canonical single nucleotide polymorphisms (canSNP), multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) with 15 markers and single-nucleotide repeats (SNR) analysis. There are two canSNP subgroups found in Liaoning, A.Br.001/002 and A.Br.Ames, and a total of six MLVA 15 genotypes and five SNR genotypes were observed. The strain collected from anthrax outbreak in Xifeng County in 2015 was classified as A.Br.001/002 subgroup and identified as MLVA15-29 genotype, with same SNR profile (CL10: 17, CL12: 15, CL33: 29, and CL35: 13). So we conclude that the same clone of B.anthracis caused the anthrax outbreak in Xifeng County in 2015, and this clone is different to previous isolates. Strengthening public health education in China is one of the most important measures to prevent and control anthrax.
炭疽在中国是一个持续存在的威胁，尤其是在农村地区。2015年7月，辽宁省西丰县发生了炭疽疫情。共报告了10例皮肤炭疽病例，210人接受医学观察。在本研究中，描述了辽宁省发生的人类炭疽疫情的一般特征，所有病例均由屠宰和接触患病动物引起。同时，通过标准单核苷酸多态性（canSNP）、15个标记的多位点可变数目串联重复分析（MLVA）和单核苷酸重复（SNR）分析，分析了2015年疫情相关分离株/样本与先前炭疽芽孢杆菌菌株之间的系统发育关系。在辽宁发现了两个canSNP亚群，A.Br.001/002和A.Br.Ames，共观察到6种MLVA 15基因型和5种SNR基因型。2015年从西丰县炭疽疫情中分离的菌株被归类为A.Br.001/002亚群，鉴定为MLVA15-29基因型，具有相同的SNR图谱（CL10:17，CL12:15，CL33:29，CL35:13）。因此，我们得出结论，2015年西丰县的炭疽疫情是由同一克隆的炭疽芽孢杆菌引起的，该克隆与先前的分离株不同。加强中国的公共卫生教育是预防和控制炭疽的最重要措施之一。
