Rosselli R, Martini M, Bragazzi N L
Local Health Unit of Genoa (LHA 3), Genoa, Italy;
Section of History of Medicine and Bioethics, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Italy;
J Prev Med Hyg. 2016;57(1):E47-50.
The phenomenon known as vaccine hesitancy (a term that includes the concepts of indecision, uncertainty, delay and reluctance) is complex, closely linked to social contexts, and has different determinants: historical period, geographical area, political situation, complacency, convenience and confidence in vaccines. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that vaccine hesitancy and any proxy of it should be constantly monitored. Given the growing importance and pervasiveness of information and communication technologies (ICTs), the new media could be exploited in order to track lay-people's perceptions of vaccination in real time, thereby enabling health-care workers to actively engage citizens and to plan ad hoc communication strategies. Analysis of so-called "sentiments" expressed through the new media (such as Twitter) and the real-time tracking of web-related activities enabled by Google Trends, combined with the administration of specific online "surveys" on well-defined themes to target groups (such as health-care workers), could constitute a "Fast data monitoring system" that yields a snapshot of perceptions of vaccination in a given place and at a specific time. This type of dashboard could be a strategic tool that enables public services to organize targeted communication actions aimed at containing vaccine hesitancy.
被称为疫苗犹豫（这一术语涵盖了犹豫不决、不确定、拖延和不情愿等概念）的现象很复杂，与社会背景紧密相连，且有不同的决定因素：历史时期、地理区域、政治局势、自满情绪、便利性以及对疫苗的信心。世界卫生组织（WHO）建议应持续监测疫苗犹豫及其任何替代指标。鉴于信息通信技术（ICT）的重要性日益增加且无处不在，可以利用新媒体实时追踪普通民众对疫苗接种的看法，从而使医护人员能够积极与公民互动并制定专门的沟通策略。分析通过新媒体（如推特）表达的所谓“情绪”，以及利用谷歌趋势实现的与网络相关活动的实时追踪，再结合针对特定目标群体（如医护人员）就明确主题进行的特定在线“调查”，可以构成一个“快速数据监测系统”，该系统能呈现特定地点和特定时间对疫苗接种看法的概况。这种类型的仪表盘可以成为一种战略工具，使公共服务部门能够组织有针对性的沟通行动，以遏制疫苗犹豫现象。
