重症患者的压疮：发病率及相关因素。
Pressure ulcers in critically ill patients: incidence and associated factors.
作者信息
Borghardt Andressa Tomazini, Prado Thiago Nascimento do, Bicudo Sheilla Diniz Silveira, Castro Denise Silveira de, Bringuente Maria Edla de Oliveira
机构信息
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
出版信息
Rev Bras Enferm. 2016 Jun;69(3):460-7. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167.2016690307i.
OBJECTIVE
to identify the incidence and describe the associated factors for pressure ulcers in critically ill patients.
METHOD
this was a prospective cohort study with 77 patients, using a clinical, metabolic assessment and the associated factors for pressure ulcer, applying the risk scales (Braden and Waterlow) and assigning ulcers to categories.
RESULTS
an incidence of 22% (95% CI 12.6 - 31.5), with 17 patients with 32 pressure ulcers in the sacral region (47%), and of Class I (72%). The length of stay was greater than ten days (71%), most admissions were surgical (53%) or for congestive heart failure (24%), and were high risk on the Braden Scale (59%).
CONCLUSION
the study highlights the high incidence of pressure ulcers, clinical and metabolic characteristics and associated factors, as well as the outcome of death, requiring, therefore, preventive measures.
目的
确定重症患者压疮的发生率并描述相关因素。
方法
这是一项针对77例患者的前瞻性队列研究，采用临床、代谢评估以及压疮相关因素，应用风险评估量表（Braden和Waterlow）并对溃疡进行分类。
结果
发生率为22%（95%置信区间12.6 - 31.5），17例患者出现32处骶部压疮（47%），且为I级（72%）。住院时间超过10天（71%），大多数患者因手术入院（53%）或因充血性心力衰竭入院（24%），且Braden量表评估为高风险（59%）。
结论
该研究突出了压疮的高发生率、临床和代谢特征及相关因素，以及死亡结局，因此需要采取预防措施。
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