Chin Kok-Yong, Kamaruddin Alia Annessa Ain, Low Nie Yen, Ima-Nirwana Soelaiman
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
ASASIpintar, PERMATApintar National Gifted Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Clin Interv Aging. 2016 Jun 13;11:767-73. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S108772. eCollection 2016.
Osteoporosis is a significant health problem in the developing countries and its prevalence data are important for the estimation of health care burden and policy making. This study aimed to determine the age-related changes in bone health and the prevalence of osteoporosis in males and females aged 50 years or above living in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2014 and December 2015. Subjects answered a demographic questionnaire and underwent body anthropometric and bone health measurement. Assessment of bone health was performed using a quantitative ultrasound device that generated speed of sound, broadband ultrasound attenuation, stiffness index, and T-score based on stiffness index value as bone health indices.
The prevalence of osteoporosis was 10.6% in males and 8.0% in females. Significant age-related decline of bone health indices (speed of sound, broadband ultrasound attenuation, stiffness index, and T-score) and a concurrent increase in the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia were observed in females (P<0.05) but not in males (P>0.05). Ethnic differences in bone health indices and prevalence of osteoporosis/osteopenia were not observed (P>0.05).
A significant proportion of males and females age 50 years or above have suboptimal bone health. Preventive measures such as early screening should be implemented to retard the progression of osteoporosis.
骨质疏松症在发展中国家是一个重大的健康问题，其患病率数据对于估计医疗负担和制定政策很重要。本研究旨在确定马来西亚吉隆坡50岁及以上男性和女性骨骼健康的年龄相关变化以及骨质疏松症的患病率。
于2014年12月至2015年12月进行了一项横断面研究。受试者回答了一份人口统计学问卷，并接受了身体人体测量和骨骼健康测量。使用定量超声设备评估骨骼健康，该设备根据刚度指数值生成声速、宽带超声衰减、刚度指数和T值作为骨骼健康指标。
男性骨质疏松症患病率为10.6%，女性为8.0%。在女性中观察到骨骼健康指标（声速、宽带超声衰减、刚度指数和T值）随年龄显著下降，同时骨质疏松症和骨质减少的患病率增加（P<0.05），而在男性中未观察到（P>0.05）。未观察到骨骼健康指标以及骨质疏松症/骨质减少患病率的种族差异（P>0.05）。
相当比例的50岁及以上男性和女性骨骼健康状况不佳。应实施早期筛查等预防措施以延缓骨质疏松症的进展。
