Chin Kok-Yong, Low Nie Yen, Dewiputri Wan Ilma, Ima-Nirwanaa Soelaiman
Department of Pharmacology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras 56000, Malaysia.
ASASIpintar, PERMATApintar National Gifted Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Jul 6;14(7):736. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14070736.
Risk factors for osteoporosis may vary according to different populations. We aimed to investigate the relationship between risk factors of osteoporosis and bone health indices determined via calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in a group of Malaysian women aged 50 years or above. A cross-sectional study was performed on 344 Malaysian women recruited from a tertiary medical centre in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. They answered a self-administered questionnaire on their social-demographic details, medical history, lifestyle, and physical activity status. Their height was measured using a stadiometer, and their body composition estimated using a bioelectrical impedance device. Their bone health status was determined using a water-based calcaneal QUS device that generated three indices, namely speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), and stiffness index (SI). A T-score was computed from SI values using a reference database from a mainland Chinese population. Women with three or more lifetime pregnancies, who were underweight and not drinking coffee had a significantly lower BUA. Stepwise multiple linear regression showed that SOS was predicted by age alone, BUA and SI by years since menopause, body mass index (BMI), and number of lifetime pregnancies, and T-score by years since menopause and percentage of body fat. As a conclusion, suboptimal bone health in middle-aged and elderly Malaysian women as indicated by QUS is associated with old age, being underweight, having a high body fat percentage, and a high number of lifetime pregnancies. Women having several risk factors should be monitored more closely to protect their bones against accelerated bone loss.
骨质疏松症的风险因素可能因人群不同而有所差异。我们旨在调查一组50岁及以上马来西亚女性中，骨质疏松症风险因素与通过跟骨定量超声（QUS）测定的骨骼健康指标之间的关系。对从马来西亚吉隆坡一家三级医疗中心招募的344名马来西亚女性进行了一项横断面研究。她们回答了一份关于社会人口学细节、病史、生活方式和身体活动状况的自填问卷。使用身高计测量她们的身高，使用生物电阻抗设备估计她们的身体成分。使用基于水的跟骨QUS设备测定她们的骨骼健康状况，该设备生成三个指标，即声速（SOS）、宽带超声衰减（BUA）和硬度指数（SI）。使用中国大陆人群的参考数据库根据SI值计算T分数。有三次或更多次终身怀孕、体重过轻且不喝咖啡的女性的BUA显著较低。逐步多元线性回归显示，SOS仅由年龄预测，BUA和SI由绝经年限、体重指数（BMI）和终身怀孕次数预测，T分数由绝经年限和体脂百分比预测。结论是，QUS显示的马来西亚中老年女性骨骼健康欠佳与老年、体重过轻、体脂百分比高和终身怀孕次数多有关。有多种风险因素的女性应受到更密切的监测，以保护她们的骨骼防止骨质加速流失。
