Ikram Umar Z, Snijder Marieke B, Agyemang Charles, Schene Aart H, Peters Ron J G, Stronks Karien, Kunst Anton E
From the Departments of Public Health (Ikram, Snijder, Agyemang, Stronks, Kunst) and Cardiology (Peters), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry (Schene), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Donders Institute for Brain (Schene), Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Psychosom Med. 2017 Jan;79(1):101-111. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000350.
Ethnic differences in the metabolic syndrome could be explained by perceived ethnic discrimination (PED). It is unclear whether PED is associated with the metabolic syndrome. We assessed this association and quantified the contribution of PED to the metabolic syndrome.
Baseline data were used from the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting study collected in the Netherlands from 2011 to 2014. The population-based sample included South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish, and Moroccan participants (aged 18 to 70 years). PED was measured using the Everyday Discrimination Scale. The metabolic syndrome was determined according to the harmonized definition of the International Diabetes Federation, American Heart Association, and others. Logistic regression was used for analysis. population-attributable fraction was used to calculate the contribution of PED.
PED was positively associated with the metabolic syndrome in South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, and Moroccan participants (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.13 [0.99-1.30], 1.15 [1.00-1.32], and 1.19 [1.03-1.38], respectively) after adjusting for potential confounders and mediators. No significant association was observed among Ghanaian and Turkish participants. For the individual components, the associations were statistically significant for blood pressure, fasting glucose, and waist circumference among Surinamese participants. PED was associated with dyslipidemia in Moroccan participants. The population-attributable fractions were 5% for South-Asian Surinamese and Moroccan participants, and 7% for African Surinamese participants.
We found a positive association of PED with the metabolic syndrome in some ethnic groups, with PED contributing around 5% to 7% to the metabolic syndrome among Surinamese and Moroccans. This suggests that PED might contribute to ethnic differences in the metabolic syndrome.
代谢综合征中的种族差异可能由感知到的种族歧视（PED）来解释。目前尚不清楚PED是否与代谢综合征相关。我们评估了这种关联，并量化了PED对代谢综合征的影响。
使用2011年至2014年在荷兰进行的城市健康生活研究中的基线数据。基于人群的样本包括南亚苏里南人、非洲苏里南人、加纳人、土耳其人和摩洛哥参与者（年龄在18至70岁之间）。使用日常歧视量表测量PED。根据国际糖尿病联盟、美国心脏协会等的统一定义确定代谢综合征。采用逻辑回归进行分析。使用人群归因分数来计算PED的影响。
在调整潜在混杂因素和中介因素后，南亚苏里南人、非洲苏里南人和摩洛哥参与者中，PED与代谢综合征呈正相关（优势比[95%置信区间]分别为1.13[0.99 - 1.30]、1.15[1.00 - 1.32]和1.19[1.03 - 1.38]）。在加纳和土耳其参与者中未观察到显著关联。对于个体组分，苏里南参与者的血压、空腹血糖和腰围之间的关联具有统计学意义。PED与摩洛哥参与者的血脂异常相关。南亚苏里南人和摩洛哥参与者的人群归因分数为5%，非洲苏里南参与者为7%。
我们发现PED与某些种族群体的代谢综合征呈正相关，在苏里南人和摩洛哥人中，PED对代谢综合征的贡献约为5%至7%。这表明PED可能导致代谢综合征中的种族差异。
