Robbins Steven J, Evans Paul N, Parks Donovan H, Golding Suzanne D, Tyson Gene W
Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
School of Earth Sciences, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Front Microbiol. 2016 Jun 8;7:731. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00731. eCollection 2016.
Coal bed methane (CBM) is generated primarily through the microbial degradation of coal. Despite a limited understanding of the microorganisms responsible for this process, there is significant interest in developing methods to stimulate additional methane production from CBM wells. Physical techniques including hydraulic fracture stimulation are commonly applied to CBM wells, however the effects of specific additives contained in hydraulic fracture fluids on native CBM microbial communities are poorly understood. Here, metagenomic sequencing was applied to the formation waters of a hydraulically fractured and several non-fractured CBM production wells to determine the effect of this stimulation technique on the in-situ microbial community. The hydraulically fractured well was dominated by two microbial populations belonging to the class Phycisphaerae (within phylum Planctomycetes) and candidate phylum Aminicenantes. Populations from these phyla were absent or present at extremely low abundance in non-fractured CBM wells. Detailed metabolic reconstruction of near-complete genomes from these populations showed that their high relative abundance in the hydraulically fractured CBM well could be explained by the introduction of additional carbon sources, electron acceptors, and biocides contained in the hydraulic fracture fluid.
煤层气（CBM）主要通过煤的微生物降解产生。尽管对负责此过程的微生物了解有限，但人们对开发刺激煤层气井增加甲烷产量的方法有着浓厚兴趣。包括水力压裂增产措施在内的物理技术通常应用于煤层气井，然而，水力压裂液中所含特定添加剂对原生煤层气微生物群落的影响却知之甚少。在此，采用宏基因组测序技术对一口水力压裂的煤层气生产井以及几口未压裂的生产井的地层水进行分析，以确定这种增产技术对原位微生物群落的影响。水力压裂井中主要有两个微生物种群，分别属于浮霉菌门中的浮球形菌纲和候选门氨基共生菌门。在未压裂的煤层气井中，这些门类的种群不存在或丰度极低。对这些种群近乎完整基因组的详细代谢重建表明，它们在水力压裂煤层气井中的高相对丰度可归因于水力压裂液中引入的额外碳源、电子受体和杀菌剂。
