Norris-Tirrell Dorothy
J Health Hum Serv Adm. 2014 Winter;37(3):304-26.
With diverse missions and multiple service provision strategies, nonprofit human services organizations have worked individually and collaboratively to create responses to social problems throughout the history of United States. This article highlights the important historic roots of the sector in understanding the scope and breadth of nonprofit human service organizations today. Challenges influencing this set of organizations, including the competing values of contracting out versus collaboration and the push-pull of grassroots or community-based versus professionalized orientations, are discussed. The article closes with important questions for nonprofit leaders and policymakers about the role of government in the human services arena.
非营利性人类服务组织肩负着多样的使命，采取多种服务提供策略，在美国历史上，它们一直各自为政或携手合作，共同应对社会问题。本文着重介绍了该领域重要的历史根源，以便理解当今非营利性人类服务组织的规模和范围。文中讨论了影响这类组织的挑战，包括外包与合作的相互冲突的价值观，以及基层或社区导向与专业化导向的相互影响。文章结尾向非营利组织领导者和政策制定者提出了关于政府在人类服务领域作用的重要问题。
