Nduka John Kanayochukwu, Onyenezi Amuka John Paul, Onwuka Jude Chinedu, Udowelle Nnaemeka Arinze, Orisakwe Orish Ebere
Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Research Unit, Pure and Industrial Chemistry Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Department of Chemistry, Federal University, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Oct;23(20):20341-20349. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-7219-7. Epub 2016 Jul 23.
The economic downturn in Nigeria and Structural Adjustment Programme led to the flooding of Nigerian market with imported used automobiles. Most of these vehicles needed refurbishing and reworking. The present study is a human health risk assessment of metal exposure resulting from reworking of imported used vehicles in Nigeria. Scrap paint dusts from 56 Japanese made cars were collected from 8 different mechanic villages (workshops A-H] in Southeastern Nigeria. Scrap paints were homogenized, mixed, divided into fine particles and digested by standard method. The filtrates were assayed of lead, manganese and copper with atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Workshop B has the highest concentration of Pb (4.26 ± 0.93). Manganese in workshops A and F were (3.31 ± 0.85) and (3.04 ± 0.47) respectively and were higher than the levels from workshops C, B, D, G and H. Copper in workshop D (7.11 ± 0.21) was significantly greater than the other workshops. The highest hazard quotient (HQ) through ingestion, inhalation and dermal exposures in adults were 9.44E-05 (workshop B), 4.20E-01 (workshop B) and 1.08E-05 (workshop D) respectively. The highest values for HQ through ingestion, inhalation and dermal in children were 8.82E-04, 7.61E-01 and 2.86E-05 all in workshop B respectively. For children, the highest carcinogenic risk levels were 7.05E-08, 6.09E-05 and 2.29E-10 for ingestion, inhalation and dermal exposures respectively. In adults, the carcinogenic risk levels were 7.55E-09, 3.39E-05 and 8.67E-10 for ingestion, inhalation and dermal exposures respectively. Chronic exposure to scrap car paint dusts may be of significant public health importance in Nigeria as this may add to the body burden of some heavy metals.
尼日利亚的经济衰退和结构调整计划导致进口二手车充斥尼日利亚市场。这些车辆大多需要翻新和返工。本研究是对尼日利亚进口二手车返工过程中金属暴露的人体健康风险评估。从尼日利亚东南部8个不同的机械师村（车间A - H）收集了56辆日本制造汽车的废漆粉尘。将废漆均质化、混合、分成细颗粒并采用标准方法进行消解。用原子吸收分光光度法（AAS）测定滤液中的铅、锰和铜。车间B的铅浓度最高（4.26±0.93）。车间A和F的锰含量分别为（3.31±0.85）和（3.04±0.47），高于车间C、B、D、G和H的水平。车间D的铜含量（7.11±0.21）显著高于其他车间。成人通过摄入、吸入和皮肤接触的最高危害商（HQ）分别为9.44E - 05（车间B）、4.20E - 01（车间B）和1.08E - 05（车间D）。儿童通过摄入、吸入和皮肤接触的HQ最高值分别为8.82E - 04、7.61E - 01和2.86E - 05，均在车间B。对于儿童，摄入、吸入和皮肤接触的最高致癌风险水平分别为7.05E - 08、6.09E - 05和2.29E - 10。在成人中，摄入、吸入和皮肤接触的致癌风险水平分别为7.55E - 09、3.39E - 05和8.67E - 10。在尼日利亚，长期接触废汽车漆粉尘可能对公众健康具有重要意义，因为这可能增加人体某些重金属的负担。
