Floeder Andrew, Jones Rachael M, Arnold Susan F
Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
Ann Work Expo Health. 2025 Feb 25;69(2):120-131. doi: 10.1093/annweh/wxae095.
There are a variety of risk assessment methods to evaluate occupational hazards in the field of industrial hygiene. With the development of emerging technologies in the workforce, the previously established risk assessment methods may need to be adapted or new methods developed to address the risk of new hazards.
A scoping review was conducted consistent with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Data was extracted and analyzed using a matrix method before undergoing a narrative synthesis. Risk assessment methods were classified as traditional and nontraditional.
Seventy-nine articles were included in this scoping review, with 81% using traditional risk assessment methods and 19% using nontraditional methods.
Among the nontraditional methods was control banding, with the most recent applications focused on nanomaterials. This approach, which was borne out of the need for a systematic approach for identifying potential health risks that required the use of engineering controls to be used safely, may have an important role in the area of emerging technologies, where the pace of technological innovation outstrips the rate at which health risks can be assessed and characterized. Risk assessment methods with the capacity to look at groups of similar chemicals and chemical mixtures are needed to address emerging hazards associated with emerging technologies.
在工业卫生领域，有多种风险评估方法可用于评估职业危害。随着劳动力中新兴技术的发展，先前建立的风险评估方法可能需要调整，或者需要开发新的方法来应对新危害的风险。
按照系统评价与Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行了一项范围综述。在进行叙述性综合分析之前，使用矩阵方法提取和分析数据。风险评估方法分为传统方法和非传统方法。
本范围综述纳入了79篇文章，其中81%使用传统风险评估方法，19%使用非传统方法。
非传统方法中包括控制分级法，其最新应用主要集中在纳米材料上。这种方法源于需要一种系统的方法来识别潜在的健康风险，而这种风险需要通过工程控制措施来安全应对。在技术创新速度超过健康风险评估和特征化速度的新兴技术领域，该方法可能发挥重要作用。需要具备能够审视相似化学品和化学混合物组能力的风险评估方法，以应对与新兴技术相关的新出现危害。
