Seravalli Priscila, de Oliveira Ivone Braga, Zago Breno Calazans, de Castro Isac, Veras Mariana Matera, Alves-Rodrigues Edson Nogueira, Heimann Joel C
Department of Internal Medicine of the University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2016 Aug 25;11(8):e0161598. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161598. eCollection 2016.
Previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated that dietary salt overload and salt restriction during pregnancy were associated with cardiac and renal structural and/or functional alterations in adult offspring. The present study evaluated renal and cardiac structure and the local renin-angiotensin system in newborns from dams fed high-, normal- or low-salt diets during pregnancy.
Female Wistar rats were fed low- (LS, 0.15% NaCl), normal- (NS, 1.3% NaCl) or high- (HS, 8% NaCl) salt diets during pregnancy. Kidneys and hearts were collected from newborns (n = 6-8/group) during the first 24 hours after birth to evaluate possible changes in structure using stereology. Protein expression of renin-angiotensin system components was evaluated using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
No differences between groups were observed in total renal volume, volume of renal compartments or number of glomeruli. The transverse diameter of the nuclei of cardiomyocytes was greater in HS than NS males in the left and right ventricles. Protein expression of the AT1 receptor was lower in the kidneys of the LS than in those of the NS and HS males but not females. Protein expression of the AT2 receptor was lower in the kidneys of the LS males and females than in those of the NS males and females.
High salt intake during pregnancy induced left and right ventricular hypertrophy in male newborns. Salt restriction during pregnancy reduced the expression of renal angiotensin II receptors in newborns.
我们实验室之前的研究表明，孕期饮食中盐摄入过量和盐摄入受限与成年子代的心脏和肾脏结构及/或功能改变有关。本研究评估了孕期喂食高盐、正常盐或低盐饮食的母鼠所产新生儿的肾脏和心脏结构以及局部肾素-血管紧张素系统。
雌性Wistar大鼠在孕期喂食低（LS，0.15% NaCl）、正常（NS，1.3% NaCl）或高（HS，8% NaCl）盐饮食。在出生后24小时内从新生儿（每组n = 6 - 8）采集肾脏和心脏，使用体视学方法评估结构的可能变化。使用间接酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）评估肾素-血管紧张素系统成分的蛋白表达。
在总肾体积、肾区室体积或肾小球数量方面，各组之间未观察到差异。在左心室和右心室中，HS组雄性心肌细胞核的横向直径大于NS组雄性。LS组雄性肾脏中AT1受体的蛋白表达低于NS组和HS组雄性，但雌性之间无差异。LS组雄性和雌性肾脏中AT2受体的蛋白表达低于NS组雄性和雌性。
孕期高盐摄入导致雄性新生儿左右心室肥大。孕期盐摄入受限降低了新生儿肾脏中血管紧张素II受体的表达。
