Campos R G
College of Nursing, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
Child Dev. 1989 Aug;60(4):781-92.
The effectiveness of pacifiers and swaddling in reducing pain-induced distress was compared in 2-week-old infants who underwent heel-sticks and 2-month-old infants who received injections. Crying, state, and heart rate were measured on 32 infants at each age during baseline, the stress of heel-stick or injection, and during 3-min soothing intervention and postintervention periods. At 2 weeks, infants' HR levels and crying declined significantly more rapidly in the pacifier than in the swaddling condition. At 2 months, both conditions produced similar rates of decline in HR and crying. At both ages, infants in the pacifier group spent significantly more time in an alert state than did swaddled infants. Following termination of the intervention at both ages, HR and crying tended to rebound more in the pacifier than in the swaddling group. Swaddling and pacifiers thus reduce pain-elicited distress differently.
对接受足跟采血的2周龄婴儿和接受注射的2月龄婴儿，比较了使用安抚奶嘴和襁褓包裹在减轻疼痛引起的痛苦方面的效果。在基线期、足跟采血或注射应激期、3分钟安抚干预期和干预后期，对每个年龄段的32名婴儿测量了哭闹情况、状态和心率。在2周龄时，与襁褓包裹组相比，使用安抚奶嘴组婴儿的心率水平和哭闹下降得明显更快。在2月龄时，两种情况中心率和哭闹的下降速率相似。在两个年龄段，使用安抚奶嘴组的婴儿处于警觉状态的时间都明显多于襁褓包裹组的婴儿。在两个年龄段干预结束后，使用安抚奶嘴组婴儿的心率和哭闹比襁褓包裹组更容易出现反弹。因此，襁褓包裹和安抚奶嘴减轻疼痛引起的痛苦的方式不同。
