Department of Psychology, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
Department of Psychology, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Department of Mechanical Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018 Jul 1;188:193-199. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.042. Epub 2018 May 1.
Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) are a class of tobacco products that produce different effects (e.g., nicotine delivery), depending on the device, liquid, and behavioral factors. However, the influence of the two primary ECIG liquid solvents, propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG), on ECIG acute effects is unknown.
Thirty ECIG-experienced, ≥12-h nicotine- abstinent participants completed four conditions consisting of two ECIG-use bouts (10 puffs, 30 s interpuff-interval) differing only by liquid PG:VG ratio (2PG:98VG, 20PG:80VG, 55PG:45VG, 100PG). Device power (7.3 W) and liquid nicotine concentration (18 mg/ml) remained constant. Nicotine delivery, subjective effects, heart rate (HR), and puff topography were assessed.
In the 100PG condition, participants took shorter and smaller puffs but obtained significantly more nicotine relative to the two VG-based conditions. Total nicotine exposure (i.e., area under the curve) was also significantly higher during use of the two PG-based liquids. However, participants reported that the 100 PG liquid was significantly less "pleasant" and "satisfying" relative to the other liquids (all ps < .05). Increases in HR and decreases in abstinence symptoms (e.g., "craving") did not differ across conditions.
PG:VG ratio influenced nicotine delivery, some subjective effects, and puff topography. Lower overall product satisfaction associated with the 100PG liquid suggests factors other than nicotine delivery (e.g., aerosol visibility) may play a role in maintaining ECIG use. Regulating ECIG acute effects such as nicotine delivery and subjective effects may require simultaneous attention to liquid PG:VG ratio as well as device, liquid, and behavioral factors known to influence these outcomes.
电子烟（ECIG）是一类产生不同效果（如尼古丁输送）的烟草产品，具体取决于设备、液体和行为因素。然而，两种主要的电子烟液体溶剂，丙二醇（PG）和蔬菜甘油（VG），对电子烟急性效应的影响尚不清楚。
30 名有电子烟使用经验且≥12 小时未吸烟的参与者完成了四个条件，这四个条件仅通过液体 PG：VG 比例（2PG：98VG、20PG：80VG、55PG：45VG、100PG）来区分，包括两个电子烟使用阶段（10 口，30 秒口间隔）。设备功率（7.3W）和液体尼古丁浓度（18mg/ml）保持不变。评估了尼古丁输送、主观效应、心率（HR）和吸嘴地形。
在 100PG 条件下，与基于 VG 的两种液体相比，参与者的吸嘴更短、更小，但获得的尼古丁明显更多。使用两种 PG 基液体时，总尼古丁暴露量（即曲线下面积）也显著更高。然而，与其他液体相比，参与者报告说 100PG 液体明显不那么“宜人”和“令人满意”（所有 p 值均<0.05）。HR 增加和戒断症状（如“渴望”）减少在不同条件下没有差异。
PG：VG 比例影响了尼古丁输送、一些主观效应和吸嘴地形。与 100PG 液体相关的整体产品满意度较低表明，除了尼古丁输送（例如，气溶胶可见度）以外的其他因素可能在维持电子烟使用方面发挥作用。调节电子烟急性效应，如尼古丁输送和主观效应，可能需要同时关注液体 PG：VG 比例以及已知影响这些结果的设备、液体和行为因素。
