Wang Tsung-Jen, Wang I-Jong, Hu Fung-Rong, Young Tai-Horng
*Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; †Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; ‡Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; and §Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Cornea. 2016 Nov;35 Suppl 1:S25-S30. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000000992.
When corneal endothelial cells (CECs) are diseased or injured, corneal endothelium can be surgically removed and tissue from a deceased donor can replace the original endothelium. Recent major innovations in corneal endothelial transplantation include replacement of diseased corneal endothelium with a thin lamellar posterior donor comprising a tissue-engineered endothelium carried or cultured on a thin substratum with an organized monolayer of cells. Repairing CECs is challenging because they have restricted proliferative ability in vivo. CECs can be cultivated in vitro and seeded successfully onto natural tissue materials or synthetic polymeric materials as grafts for transplantation. The optimal biomaterials for substrata of CEC growth are being investigated. Establishing a CEC culture system by tissue engineering might require multiple biomaterials to create a new scaffold that overcomes the disadvantages of single biomaterials. Chitosan and polycaprolactone are biodegradable biomaterials approved by the Food and Drug Administration that have superior biological, degradable, and mechanical properties for culturing substratum. We successfully hybridized chitosan and polycaprolactone into blended membranes, and demonstrated that CECs proliferated, developed normal morphology, and maintained their physiological phenotypes. The interaction between cells and biomaterials is important in tissue engineering of CECs. We are still optimizing culture methods for the maintenance and differentiation of CECs on biomaterials.
当角膜内皮细胞（CECs）患病或受损时，可通过手术切除角膜内皮，并用来自已故捐赠者的组织替代原来的内皮。角膜内皮移植的近期重大创新包括用薄的后层片状供体替代患病的角膜内皮，该供体由在薄基质上携带或培养的组织工程化内皮和有组织的单层细胞组成。修复角膜内皮细胞具有挑战性，因为它们在体内的增殖能力有限。角膜内皮细胞可在体外培养，并成功接种到天然组织材料或合成聚合物材料上作为移植移植物。目前正在研究用于角膜内皮细胞生长基质的最佳生物材料。通过组织工程建立角膜内皮细胞培养系统可能需要多种生物材料来创建一种新的支架，以克服单一生物材料的缺点。壳聚糖和聚己内酯是美国食品药品监督管理局批准的可生物降解生物材料，它们在培养基质方面具有优异的生物学、可降解和机械性能。我们成功地将壳聚糖和聚己内酯杂交成混合膜，并证明角膜内皮细胞能够增殖、形成正常形态并维持其生理表型。细胞与生物材料之间的相互作用在角膜内皮细胞的组织工程中很重要。我们仍在优化用于在生物材料上维持和分化角膜内皮细胞的培养方法。
