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探索集体主义文化中创伤幸存者的创伤相关评估。

Exploring trauma associated appraisals in trauma survivors from collectivistic cultures.

作者信息

Engelbrecht Alberta, Jobson Laura

机构信息

Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK.

Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.

出版信息

Springerplus. 2016 Sep 15;5(1):1565. doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-3043-2. eCollection 2016.

DOI:10.1186/s40064-016-3043-2
PMID:27652138
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5023649/
Abstract

Appraisals are a key feature in understanding an individual's experience; this is especially important when the experience is a traumatic one. However, research is diminutive when looking at the interaction between trauma appraisals and culture in relation to posttraumatic stress disorder using qualitative methodologies. This study explored cultural differences in perceptions and appraisals of trauma using three qualitative focus groups with community members (n = 11) from collectivistic cultures who had experienced a traumatic event and three qualitative individual key informant interviews with mental health practitioners (n = 3) routinely working with trauma survivors. Using template analysis, eight emergent themes were highlighted from the data sets [(1) trauma and adjustment; (2) cultural and social roles; (3) traumatised self; (4) relationships; (5) external attribution; (6) future; (7) education; (8) language] that potentially have significant consequences for posttrauma psychological adjustment and recovery. Cumulatively, while a number of themes are similar to that which is emphasised in current literature (e.g. damaged self, negative appraisals of the world, others, future) a number of themes were also resonant and warrant further scrutiny. For instance, the importance and interconnectedness of the group to the individual and the impact trauma has on this; the importance of social roles, cultural appropriateness and violations of cultural values and norms; findings and implications are discussed.

摘要

评估是理解个体经历的关键特征;当这种经历是创伤性经历时,这一点尤为重要。然而,在使用定性方法研究创伤评估与文化在创伤后应激障碍方面的相互作用时,相关研究却很少。本研究通过对来自集体主义文化且经历过创伤事件的社区成员(n = 11)进行三个定性焦点小组访谈,以及对经常与创伤幸存者打交道的心理健康从业者(n = 3)进行三个定性个人关键 informant 访谈,探讨了创伤认知和评估中的文化差异。使用模板分析,从数据集中突出了八个新出现的主题:(1)创伤与适应;(2)文化和社会角色;(3)受创伤的自我;(4)人际关系;(5)外部归因;(6)未来;(7)教育;(8)语言,这些主题可能对创伤后心理调整和恢复产生重大影响。总体而言,虽然一些主题与当前文献中强调的主题相似(例如受损的自我、对世界、他人、未来的负面评估),但也有一些主题值得关注并需要进一步审视。例如,群体对个体的重要性和相互联系以及创伤对此的影响;社会角色的重要性、文化适宜性以及对文化价值观和规范的违反;对研究结果及其影响进行了讨论。

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本文引用的文献

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Cultures and Selves: A Cycle of Mutual Constitution.文化与自我:一个相互构成的循环。
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The "Thinking a Lot" Idiom of Distress and PTSD: An Examination of Their Relationship among Traumatized Cambodian Refugees Using the "Thinking a Lot" Questionnaire.痛苦与创伤后应激障碍的“反复思索”习语:使用“反复思索”问卷对柬埔寨创伤难民中二者关系的考察
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An investigation of trauma-associated appraisals and posttraumatic stress disorder in British and Asian trauma survivors: the development of the Public and Communal Self Appraisals Measure (PCSAM).英国和亚洲创伤幸存者中创伤相关评估与创伤后应激障碍的调查:公共与集体自我评估量表(PCSAM)的编制
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