Cai Da, Zhao Shancang, Li Danlei, Chang Fang, Tian Xiangxu, Huang Guohong, Zhu Zhenjun, Liu Dong, Dou Xiaowei, Li Shubo, Zhao Mouming, Li Quanyang
College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.
Nutrients. 2016 Sep 19;8(9):564. doi: 10.3390/nu8090564.
The relationships between diet and metabolites as well as element profiles in healthy centenarians are important but remain inconclusive. Therefore, to test the interesting hypothesis that there would be distinctive features of metabolites and element profiles in healthy centenarians, and that these would be associated with nutrient intake; the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), total bile acids and ammonia in feces, phenol, -cresol, uric acid, urea, creatinine and ammonia in urine, and element profiles in fingernails were determined in 90 healthy elderly people, including centenarians from Bama county (China)-a famous longevous region-and elderly people aged 80-99 from the longevous region and a non-longevous region. The partial least squares-discriminant analysis was used for pattern recognition. As a result, the centenarians showed a distinct metabolic pattern. Seven characteristic components closely related to the centenarians were identified, including acetic acid, total SCFA, Mn, Co, propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid. Their concentrations were significantly higher in the centenarians group ( < 0.05). Additionally, the dietary fiber intake was positively associated with butyric acid contents in feces ( = 0.896, < 0.01), and negatively associated with phenol in urine ( = -0.326, < 0.01). The results suggest that the specific metabolic pattern of centenarians may have an important and positive influence on the formation of the longevity phenomenon. Elevated dietary fiber intake should be a path toward health and longevity.
健康百岁老人的饮食与代谢物以及元素谱之间的关系很重要，但仍无定论。因此，为了验证有趣的假设，即健康百岁老人的代谢物和元素谱会有独特特征，且这些特征与营养摄入有关；我们测定了90名健康老年人粪便中的短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）、总胆汁酸和氨，尿液中的苯酚、对甲酚、尿酸、尿素、肌酐和氨，以及指甲中的元素谱，这些老年人包括来自中国著名长寿地区巴马县的百岁老人，以及来自该长寿地区和非长寿地区的80 - 99岁老年人。采用偏最小二乘判别分析进行模式识别。结果显示，百岁老人呈现出独特的代谢模式。确定了与百岁老人密切相关的7种特征成分，包括乙酸、总SCFA、锰、钴、丙酸、丁酸和戊酸。它们在百岁老人组中的浓度显著更高（<0.05）。此外，膳食纤维摄入量与粪便中丁酸含量呈正相关（=0.896，<0.01），与尿液中苯酚呈负相关（=-0.326，<0.01）。结果表明，百岁老人特定的代谢模式可能对长寿现象的形成具有重要的积极影响。增加膳食纤维摄入量应该是通往健康长寿的一条途径。
