Criqui M H, Langer R D, Reed D M
Department of Community and Family Medicine, University of California, School of Medicine, La Jolla 92093.
Circulation. 1989 Sep;80(3):609-14. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.80.3.609.
To determine whether or not the previously reported association between alcohol intake and high blood pressure is influenced by differential intake of calcium and potassium in drinkers compared with nondrinkers and to assess the magnitude of the independent contributions of alcohol, calcium, and potassium to blood pressure, these associations were evaluated in 7,011 men of Japanese descent. Categorical analyses and multiple linear regression techniques were used to test the hypotheses that alcohol, calcium, and potassium were independent predictors of blood pressure. Alcohol consumption above a threshold of approximately 20 ml/day was found to be positively, strongly, and independently correlated with systolic and diastolic pressures, and this effect was completely independent of the effects of calcium and potassium. Calcium and potassium intake were highly correlated (r = 0.59) and were inversely related to blood pressure, and their combined effect was greater than the effect of either alone. However, in the subgroup of moderate and heavier drinkers, only potassium was inversely related to blood pressure. This finding is compatible with previous reports of malabsorption and increased excretion of calcium at higher levels of alcohol intake, and it indicates that a small portion of the alcohol-induced blood pressure elevation may be mediated through calcium depletion. In the range of dietary intake in this cohort, the effect of alcohol on blood pressure was stronger than was either the separate or combined effects of calcium and potassium.
为了确定先前报道的饮酒与高血压之间的关联是否受到饮酒者与非饮酒者钙和钾摄入量差异的影响，并评估酒精、钙和钾对血压独立作用的程度，在7011名日本裔男性中对这些关联进行了评估。采用分类分析和多元线性回归技术来检验酒精、钙和钾是血压独立预测因素的假设。发现每日饮酒量超过约20毫升的阈值与收缩压和舒张压呈正相关、强相关且独立相关，并且这种效应完全独立于钙和钾的效应。钙和钾的摄入量高度相关（r = 0.59），且与血压呈负相关，它们的联合效应大于单独任何一种的效应。然而，在中度和重度饮酒者亚组中，只有钾与血压呈负相关。这一发现与先前关于高酒精摄入量时钙吸收不良和排泄增加的报道一致，并且表明酒精引起的血压升高的一小部分可能是通过钙缺乏介导的。在该队列的饮食摄入量范围内，酒精对血压的影响比钙和钾的单独或联合影响更强。
