Dobs Katharina, Bülthoff Isabelle, Schultz Johannes
Department of Human Perception, Cognition and Action, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.
Université de Toulouse, Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
Sci Rep. 2016 Sep 29;6:34301. doi: 10.1038/srep34301.
Facial movements convey information about many social cues, including identity. However, how much information about a person's identity is conveyed by different kinds of facial movements is unknown. We addressed this question using a recent motion capture and animation system, with which we animated one avatar head with facial movements of three types: (1) emotional, (2) emotional in social interaction and (3) conversational, all recorded from several actors. In a delayed match-to-sample task, observers were best at matching actor identity across conversational movements, worse with emotional movements in social interactions, and at chance level with emotional facial expressions. Model observers performing this task showed similar performance profiles, indicating that performance variation was due to differences in information content, rather than processing. Our results suggest that conversational facial movements transmit more dynamic identity information than emotional facial expressions, thus suggesting different functional roles and processing mechanisms for different types of facial motion.
面部动作传达了许多社会线索的信息，包括身份信息。然而，不同类型的面部动作能传达多少关于一个人身份的信息尚不清楚。我们使用了一种最新的动作捕捉和动画系统来解决这个问题，通过该系统，我们用三种类型的面部动作对一个虚拟头像进行动画处理：（1）情绪化的，（2）社交互动中的情绪化动作，以及（3）对话式的，所有动作均来自几位演员的录制。在延迟匹配样本任务中，观察者在通过对话式动作匹配演员身份方面表现最佳，在社交互动中的情绪化动作方面表现较差，而在情绪化面部表情方面则处于随机水平。执行此任务的模型观察者表现出类似的性能概况，表明性能差异是由于信息内容的不同，而非处理方式的不同。我们的结果表明，对话式面部动作比情绪化面部表情传递更多动态身份信息，从而表明不同类型的面部动作具有不同的功能作用和处理机制。
