Memon Abdul Fattah, Mahar Pir Salim, Memon Muhammad Saleh, Mumtaz Seema N, Shaikh Sikander Ali, Fahim Muhammad Faisal
Isra postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Karachi.
J Pak Med Assoc. 2016 Oct;66(10):1272-1276.
To determine the frequency and types of age-related cataract in type 2 diabetic patients compared to non-diabetics.
This comparative, cross-sectional study was carried out at Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital, Karachi, from July 2014 to June 2015, and comprised both diabetics and non-diabetics. All patients were selected from the out-patient department and had their full ocular examination done, including retinal screening of diabetic patients with non-mydriatic fundus camera. The criterion for diagnosis of cataract was sufficiently advanced lens opacity that caused impaired vision/un-gradable images. Cataract was classified on a morphological basis into cortical, nuclear, posterior sub-capsular and mixed types.
Of the 49,384 patients, 4,556(9.2%) were diabetics and 44,828(90.8%) were non-diabetics. Among the diabetics, cataract was found in 1,956(42.9%) compared to 7,050(15.7%) in non-diabetics. Adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) between the two groups was 4.40 (range: 4.11-4.71) (p<0.001). Male-to-female adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 2.05 (range: 1.95-2.15) (p<0.001). Nuclear sclerosis was the commonest type in 2,123(46.6%) cataract cases in diabetics whereas posterior sub-capsular cataract was the commonest type in 14,480(32.3%) cases among the non-diabetics.
Cataract was four times more common in diabetics and twice more frequent in men. Nuclear sclerosis was the commonest type of cataract in diabetic patients.
确定2型糖尿病患者与非糖尿病患者相比年龄相关性白内障的发生率及类型。
这项比较性横断面研究于2014年7月至2015年6月在卡拉奇的易卜拉欣眼科医院开展，研究对象包括糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者。所有患者均选自门诊，接受了全面的眼部检查，包括使用免散瞳眼底照相机对糖尿病患者进行视网膜筛查。白内障的诊断标准为晶状体混浊足够严重，导致视力受损/图像无法分级。白内障根据形态学分为皮质性、核性、后囊下和混合型。
在49384例患者中，4556例（9.2%）为糖尿病患者，44828例（90.8%）为非糖尿病患者。糖尿病患者中发现白内障1956例（42.9%），非糖尿病患者中为7050例（15.7%）。两组之间的调整优势比（95%置信区间）为4.40（范围：4.11 - 4.71）（p<0.001）。男性与女性的调整优势比（95%置信区间）为2.05（范围：1.95 - 2.15）（p<0.001）。核硬化是糖尿病患者2123例（46.6%）白内障病例中最常见的类型，而后囊下白内障是非糖尿病患者14480例（32.3%）病例中最常见的类型。
白内障在糖尿病患者中的发生率是非糖尿病患者的四倍，在男性中是女性的两倍。核硬化是糖尿病患者中最常见的白内障类型。
