Mathews A, Mogg K, May J, Eysenck M
J Abnorm Psychol. 1989 Aug;98(3):236-40. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.98.3.236.
Previous investigations of recall and recognition for threatening information in clinically anxious subjects have yielded equivocal results. The present study contrasts implicit (word completion) with explicit (cued recall) memory and shows that indices of bias for emotional material derived from the two types of memory are independent of one another. The explicit measure was correlated with trait anxiety scores, but did not clearly distinguish between subjects with clinical anxiety states and normal control subjects. On the implicit memory measure, clinically anxious subjects produced more threat word completions, but only from a set to which they had recently been exposed. These results are taken as evidence that internal representations of threat words are more readily or more persistently activated in anxiety states, although they are not necessarily better elaborated.
此前针对临床焦虑症患者对威胁性信息的回忆和识别所做的调查结果并不明确。本研究将内隐（词语完成任务）记忆与外显（线索回忆）记忆进行了对比，结果表明，源自这两种记忆的情绪性材料偏差指标彼此独立。外显测量指标与特质焦虑得分相关，但并未清晰地区分临床焦虑状态的患者与正常对照组。在内隐记忆测量中，临床焦虑症患者生成了更多的威胁性词语完成任务结果，但仅限于他们近期接触过的一组词语。这些结果被视为如下证据：威胁性词语的内部表征在焦虑状态下更容易或更持久地被激活，尽管它们不一定得到了更好的加工。
