Ramalho Joana, Ramalho Miguel, Jay Michael, Burke Lauren M, Semelka Richard C
Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal.
Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Radiology, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal.
Magn Reson Imaging. 2016 Dec;34(10):1394-1398. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2016.09.005. Epub 2016 Sep 28.
Gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCAs) play an important role in the diagnostic evaluation of many patients. The safety of these agents has been once again questioned after gadolinium deposits were observed and measured in brain and bone of patients with normal renal function. This retention of gadolinium in the human body has been termed "gadolinium storage condition". The long-term and cumulative effects of retained gadolinium in the brain and elsewhere are not as yet understood. Recently, patients who report that they suffer from chronic symptoms secondary to gadolinium exposure and retention created gadolinium-toxicity on-line support groups. Their self-reported symptoms have recently been published. Bone and joint complaints, and skin changes were two of the most common complaints. This condition has been termed "gadolinium deposition disease". In this review we will address gadolinium toxicity disorders, from acute adverse reactions to GBCAs to gadolinium deposition disease, with special emphasis on the latter, as it is the most recently described and least known.
钆基造影剂（GBCAs）在许多患者的诊断评估中发挥着重要作用。在肾功能正常的患者的大脑和骨骼中观察到并测量到钆沉积后，这些造影剂的安全性再次受到质疑。钆在人体中的这种潴留被称为“钆储存状况”。钆在大脑和其他部位潴留的长期和累积影响尚未明确。最近，报告称因钆暴露和潴留而出现慢性症状的患者创建了钆毒性在线支持小组。他们自我报告的症状最近已被公布。骨骼和关节不适以及皮肤变化是最常见的两种症状。这种情况被称为“钆沉积病”。在本综述中，我们将探讨钆毒性疾病，从GBCAs的急性不良反应到钆沉积病，特别强调后者，因为它是最近描述且了解最少的。
