Santos Ubiratan Paula, Garcia Maria Lúcia Siqueira Bueno, Braga Alfésio Luís Ferreira, Pereira Luiz Alberto Amador, Lin Chin An, de André Paulo Afonso, de André Carmen Diva Saldiva, Singer Julio da Motta, Saldiva Paulo Hilário Nascimento
Pulmonary Division of Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2016 Oct 6;11(10):e0163225. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163225. eCollection 2016.
The effects of outdoor air pollution on lung function in adults are still controversial.
Evaluate the effects of exposure to different levels of traffic-generated PM2.5 on workers' lung functions in São Paulo, Brazil.
To cover a wide range of exposures, 101 non-smoking workers from three occupations (taxi drivers, traffic controllers, and forest rangers) were selected for the study. After clinical evaluation, the participants were scheduled to attend four consecutive weekly visits in which they received a 24-hour personal PM2.5 sampler and had lung function tests measured on the following day. The association between the spirometric variables and the averaged PM2.5 levels was assessed using robust regression models adjusted for age, waist circumference, time at the job, daily work hours, diabetes or hypertension and former smoking habits.
Relative to workers in the lowest exposed group (all measures < 25 μg/m3), those with the highest level of exposure (all measures > 39.6 μg/m3) showed a reduction of predicted FVC (-12.2%; CI 95%: [-20.0% to -4.4%]), a marginal reduction of predicted FEV1 (-9.1%; CI 95%: [-19.1% to 0.9%]) and an increase of predicted FEF25-75%/FVC (14.9%; CI 95%: [2.9% to 26.8%]) without changes of FEV1/FVC.
Exposure to vehicular traffic air pollution is associated with a small but significant reduction of FVC without a reduction of FEV1/FVC.
室外空气污染对成年人肺功能的影响仍存在争议。
评估巴西圣保罗不同水平的交通产生的细颗粒物（PM2.5）暴露对工人肺功能的影响。
为涵盖广泛的暴露水平，从三个职业（出租车司机、交通管制员和护林员）中选取了101名不吸烟的工人进行研究。经过临床评估后，参与者被安排连续四周每周就诊一次，在就诊时他们会收到一个24小时的个人PM2.5采样器，并在第二天进行肺功能测试。使用针对年龄、腰围、工作时间、每日工作时长、糖尿病或高血压以及既往吸烟习惯进行调整的稳健回归模型，评估肺量计变量与平均PM2.5水平之间的关联。
与暴露水平最低组的工人（所有测量值<25μg/m³）相比，暴露水平最高组的工人（所有测量值>39.6μg/m³）预测的用力肺活量（FVC）降低（-12.2%；95%置信区间：[-20.0%至-4.4%]），预测的第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）略有降低（-9.1%；95%置信区间：[-19.1%至0.9%]），预测的25%-75%用力呼气流量与FVC之比（FEF25-75%/FVC）增加（14.9%；95%置信区间：[2.9%至26.8%]），而FEV1/FVC无变化。
暴露于车辆交通空气污染与FVC的小幅但显著降低相关，而FEV1/FVC未降低。
