Ho Hoang V T, Sievenpiper John L, Zurbau Andreea, Blanco Mejia Sonia, Jovanovski Elena, Au-Yeung Fei, Jenkins Alexandra L, Vuksan Vladimir
1Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre,St. Michael's Hospital,30 Bond Street,Toronto,ON,Canada,M5B 1W8.
Br J Nutr. 2016 Oct;116(8):1369-1382. doi: 10.1017/S000711451600341X. Epub 2016 Oct 11.
Oats are a rich source of β-glucan, a viscous, soluble fibre recognised for its cholesterol-lowering properties, and are associated with reduced risk of CVD. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised-controlled trials (RCT) investigating the cholesterol-lowering potential of oat β-glucan on LDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and apoB for the risk reduction of CVD. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched. We included RCT of ≥3 weeks of follow-up, assessing the effect of diets enriched with oat β-glucan compared with controlled diets on LDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol or apoB. Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed study quality and risk of bias. Data were pooled using the generic inverse-variance method with random effects models and expressed as mean differences with 95 % CI. Heterogeneity was assessed by the Cochran's Q statistic and quantified by the I 2-statistic. In total, fifty-eight trials (n 3974) were included. A median dose of 3·5 g/d of oat β-glucan significantly lowered LDL-cholesterol (-0·19; 95 % CI -0·23, -0·14 mmol/l, P<0·00001), non-HDL-cholesterol (-0·20; 95 % CI -0·26, -0·15 mmol/l, P<0·00001) and apoB (-0·03; 95 % CI -0·05, -0·02 g/l, P<0·0001) compared with control interventions. There was evidence for considerable unexplained heterogeneity in the analysis of LDL-cholesterol (I 2=79 %) and non-HDL-cholesterol (I 2=99 %). Pooled analyses showed that oat β-glucan has a lowering effect on LDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and apoB. Inclusion of oat-containing foods may be a strategy for achieving targets in CVD reduction.
燕麦是β-葡聚糖的丰富来源，β-葡聚糖是一种粘性可溶纤维，因其降低胆固醇的特性而闻名，并且与降低心血管疾病风险有关。我们的目的是对随机对照试验（RCT）进行系统评价和荟萃分析，以研究燕麦β-葡聚糖对低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白B降低胆固醇的潜力，从而降低心血管疾病风险。检索了MEDLINE、Embase、CINAHL和Cochrane CENTRAL数据库。我们纳入了随访时间≥3周的随机对照试验，评估富含燕麦β-葡聚糖的饮食与对照饮食相比对低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇或载脂蛋白B的影响。两名独立的审阅者提取数据并评估研究质量和偏倚风险。使用通用逆方差法和随机效应模型汇总数据，并表示为具有95%置信区间的平均差异。通过Cochran's Q统计量评估异质性，并用I²统计量进行量化。总共纳入了58项试验（n = 3974）。与对照干预相比，燕麦β-葡聚糖的中位剂量为3.5 g/d时，显著降低了低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（-0.19；95%置信区间-0.23，-0.14 mmol/l，P<0.00001）、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（-0.20；95%置信区间-0.26，-0.15 mmol/l，P<0.00001）和载脂蛋白B（-0.03；95%置信区间-0.05，-0.02 g/l，P<0.0001）。有证据表明，在低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（I² = 79%）和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（I² = 99%）的分析中存在相当大的无法解释的异质性。汇总分析表明，燕麦β-葡聚糖对低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白B有降低作用。纳入含燕麦的食物可能是实现降低心血管疾病目标的一种策略。
