Institut Recerca Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
Nutrients. 2024 Oct 9;16(19):3420. doi: 10.3390/nu16193420.
Fat-binding nutraceutical supplements have gained considerable attention as potential cholesterol-lowering strategies to address dyslipidemia in overweight and obese individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a polysaccharide-rich compound containing β-glucan/chitin-chitosan (βGluCnCs) on lipid profiles and lipoprotein function. In a prospective, two-arm clinical trial, 58 overweight and obese individuals were randomized to receive either 3 g/day of βGluCnCs or a placebo (microcrystalline cellulose) for 12 weeks. Serum lipids and lipoprotein functions were assessed at baseline and at 4-week intervals throughout the study. The administration of βGluCnCs led to a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (HDLc) levels and improved HDLc/non-HDLc and HDLc/total cholesterol (TC) ratios, while reducing apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels ( < 0.05). However, the intervention did not affect HDL particle diameter, particle number, or lipoprotein functionality. Women demonstrated greater sensitivity to changes in HDLc during βGluCnCs supplementation, whereas men exhibited a significant reduction in ApoB levels. When stratified by baseline LDL cholesterol (LDLc) levels (cut-off: 130 mg/dL), the increase in HDLc and the ApoA1/ApoB ratio was found in the low-LDL group. In contrast, the high-LDL group experienced a significant reduction in atherogenic non-LDLc and LDLc, along with an improvement in HDL's antioxidant capacity after βGluCnCs intervention. These changes were not statistically significant in the placebo group. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that daily supplementation with βGluCnCs significantly improved lipid profiles, with effects that varied based on sex and baseline LDLc levels.
富含脂肪结合的营养补充剂作为降低胆固醇的策略，在超重和肥胖人群中解决血脂异常问题引起了广泛关注。本研究旨在评估一种富含多糖的化合物（包含β-葡聚糖/壳聚糖）对血脂谱和脂蛋白功能的影响。在一项前瞻性、双臂临床试验中，将 58 名超重和肥胖个体随机分为两组，分别接受 3 克/天的βGluCnCs 或安慰剂（微晶纤维素）治疗 12 周。在基线和研究期间每 4 周评估一次血清脂质和脂蛋白功能。βGluCnCs 的给药导致 HDL 胆固醇（HDLc）水平显著升高，并改善了 HDLc/非-HDLc 和 HDLc/总胆固醇（TC）比值，同时降低了载脂蛋白 B（ApoB）水平（<0.05）。然而，干预并未影响 HDL 颗粒直径、颗粒数或脂蛋白功能。女性在βGluCnCs 补充期间对 HDLc 的变化更为敏感，而男性则表现出 ApoB 水平的显著降低。根据基线 LDL 胆固醇（LDLc）水平（界值：130mg/dL）进行分层，发现低 LDL 组的 HDLc 增加和 ApoA1/ApoB 比值增加。相比之下，高 LDL 组在接受βGluCnCs 干预后，非致动脉性非 LDLc 和 LDLc 显著减少，HDL 的抗氧化能力得到改善。这些变化在安慰剂组中没有统计学意义。总之，本研究表明，每天补充βGluCnCs 可显著改善血脂谱，且作用因性别和基线 LDLc 水平而异。
