加拿大和美国注册护士的工作生活质量：一项综合文献综述。
The quality of work life of registered nurses in Canada and the United States: a comprehensive literature review.
作者信息
Nowrouzi Behdin, Giddens Emilia, Gohar Basem, Schoenenberger Sandrine, Bautista Mary Christine, Casole Jennifer
机构信息
a Centre for Research in Occupational Safety and Health , Laurentian University , Sudbury , Canada.
e Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy , Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto , Ontario , Canada.
出版信息
Int J Occup Environ Health. 2016 Oct;22(4):341-358. doi: 10.1080/10773525.2016.1241920. Epub 2016 Oct 13.
BACKGROUND
Workplace environment is related to the physical and psychological well-being, and quality of work life (QWL) for nurses.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this paper was to perform a comprehensive literature review on nurses' quality of work life to identify a comprehensive set of QWL predictors for nurses employed in the United States and Canada.
METHODS
Using publications from 2004-2014, contributing factors to American and Canadian nurses' QWL were analyzed. The review was structured using the Work Disability Prevention Framework. Sixty-six articles were selected for analysis.
RESULTS
Literature indicated that changes are required within the workplace and across the health care system to improve nurses' QWL. Areas for improvement to nurses' quality of work life included treatment of new nursing graduates, opportunities for continuing education, promotion of positive collegial relationships, stress-reduction programs, and increased financial compensation.
CONCLUSIONS
This review's findings support the importance of QWL as an indicator of nurses' broader work-related experiences. A shift in health care systems across Canada and the United States is warranted where health care delivery and services are improved in conjunction with the health of the nurses working in the system.
背景
工作场所环境与护士的身心健康及工作生活质量（QWL）相关。
目的
本文旨在对护士工作生活质量进行全面的文献综述，以确定一套适用于美国和加拿大护士的全面的QWL预测因素。
方法
利用2004年至2014年的出版物，分析影响美国和加拿大护士QWL的因素。该综述采用工作残疾预防框架进行构建。选取66篇文章进行分析。
结果
文献表明，工作场所及整个医疗系统都需要做出改变，以提高护士的QWL。护士工作生活质量的改进领域包括对新毕业护士的培训、继续教育机会、促进积极的同事关系、减压项目以及增加经济补偿。
结论
本综述的结果支持了QWL作为护士更广泛工作相关经历指标的重要性。加拿大和美国的医疗系统有必要进行转变，在改善医疗服务的同时，关注系统内护士的健康状况。
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