DePriest Kelli, Butz Arlene
1 Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA.
2 Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, General Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Sch Nurs. 2017 Feb;33(1):8-17. doi: 10.1177/1059840516674054. Epub 2016 Oct 22.
Asthma disproportionately affects children who are non-White and of low socioeconomic status. One innovative approach to address these health disparities is to investigate the child's neighborhood environment and factors influencing asthma symptoms. The purpose of this integrative review is to critique research investigating the relationships between neighborhood-level factors and asthma morbidity in urban children. Three literature databases were searched using the terms "asthma," "child," "neighborhood," and "urban." The articles included were organized into six themes within the larger domains of prevalence, physical, and social factors. Literature tables provide in-depth analysis of each article and demonstrate a need for strengthening analysis methods. The current research points to the necessity for a multilevel study to analyze neighborhood-level factors that are associated with increased asthma morbidity in urban children. School nurse clinicians, working within children's neighborhoods, are uniquely positioned to assess modifiable neighborhood-level determinants of health in caring for children with asthma.
哮喘对非白人且社会经济地位较低的儿童影响尤为严重。解决这些健康差距的一种创新方法是调查儿童的邻里环境以及影响哮喘症状的因素。本综合综述的目的是对研究城市儿童邻里层面因素与哮喘发病率之间关系的研究进行批判性分析。使用“哮喘”“儿童”“邻里”和“城市”等术语搜索了三个文献数据库。纳入的文章在患病率、物理和社会因素等较大领域内被组织成六个主题。文献表对每篇文章进行了深入分析，并表明需要加强分析方法。当前的研究指出有必要进行多层次研究，以分析与城市儿童哮喘发病率增加相关的邻里层面因素。在儿童邻里工作的学校护士临床医生，在照顾哮喘儿童时，在评估可改变的邻里层面健康决定因素方面具有独特的地位。
