School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Science, Gaelic Sports Research Centre, Institute of Technology Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland.
Br J Sports Med. 2018 Aug;52(15):982-988. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096401. Epub 2016 Oct 20.
Hamstring injuries occur frequently in field sports, yet longitudinal information to guide prevention programmes is missing.
Investigate longitudinal hamstring injury rates and associated time loss in elite Gaelic football, while identifying subgroups of players at increased risk.
38 data sets from 15 elite male Gaelic football teams were received by the National Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) Injury Surveillance Database between 2008 and 2015. Injury and exposure data were provided by the team's medical staff via an online platform.
391 hamstring injuries were sustained accounting for 21% (95% CI 20.0% to 21.7%) of all injuries. Prevalence was 21% (95% CI 19.2% to 23.4%). Incidences were 2.2 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.4) per 1000 exposure hours, and 7.0 (95% CI 6.5 to 7.1) times greater in match play than in training. Typically each team sustained 9.0 (95% CI 7.0 to 11.0) hamstring injuries per season affecting the: bicep femoris belly (44%; 95% CI 39.4% to 48.7%); proximal musculotendinous junction (13%; 95% CI 9.8% to 16.3%); distal musculotendinous junction (12%; 95% CI 8.6% to 14.9%) and semimembranosis/semitendinosis belly (9%; 95% CI 6.3% to 11.7%). ∼36% (95% CI 31.5% to 41.0%) were recurrent injuries. Mean time loss was 26.0 (95% CI 21.1 to 33.0) days, which varied with age, injury type and seasonal cycle. Hamstring injuries accounted for 31% (95% CI 25.8% to 38.2%) of injury-related time loss. Previously injured players (rate ratio (RR)=3.3), players aged 18-20 years (IRR=2.3) or >30 years (RR=2.3), as well as defensive (IRR=2.0) and midfield players (RR=1.5), were most at risk of sustaining a hamstring injury. Comparisons of 2008-2011 with 2012-2015 seasons revealed a 2-fold increase in hamstring injury incidences. Between 2008 and 2015 training incidence increased 2.3-fold and match-play incidences increased 1.3-fold.
Hamstring injuries are the most frequent injury in elite Gaelic football, with incidences increasing from 2008-2011 to 2012-2015. Tailoring risk management strategies to injury history, age and playing position may reduce the burden of hamstring injuries.
跟腱损伤在户外运动中经常发生，但缺乏指导预防计划的纵向信息。
调查精英盖尔足球跟腱损伤的发生率和相关的失时率，并确定风险较高的亚组球员。
2008 年至 2015 年间，国家盖尔足球协会（GAA）伤害监测数据库收到了来自 15 支精英男子盖尔足球队伍的 38 个数据集。伤害和暴露数据由团队的医务人员通过在线平台提供。
共发生 391 例跟腱损伤，占所有损伤的 21%（95%CI 20.0%至 21.7%）。患病率为 21%（95%CI 19.2%至 23.4%）。发生率为每 1000 个暴露小时 2.2（95%CI 1.9 至 2.4），比赛中比训练中高出 7.0 倍。通常每个队伍每赛季都会发生 9.0（95%CI 7.0 至 11.0）次跟腱损伤，影响到：二头肌股腹（44%；95%CI 39.4%至 48.7%）；近端肌-腱连接部（13%；95%CI 9.8%至 16.3%）；远端肌-腱连接部（12%；95%CI 8.6%至 14.9%）和半膜肌/半腱肌腹（9%；95%CI 6.3%至 11.7%）。约 36%（95%CI 31.5%至 41.0%）为复发性损伤。平均失时为 26.0（95%CI 21.1 至 33.0）天，其随年龄、损伤类型和季节性周期而变化。跟腱损伤占与损伤相关的失时的 31%（95%CI 25.8%至 38.2%）。以前受过伤的球员（相对风险（RR）=3.3）、18-20 岁（IRR=2.3）或>30 岁（RR=2.3）的球员，以及防守球员（IRR=2.0）和中场球员（RR=1.5），受伤风险最高。与 2008-2011 年相比，2012-2015 年的跟腱损伤发生率增加了两倍。2008 年至 2015 年间，训练中的发生率增加了 2.3 倍，比赛中的发生率增加了 1.3 倍。
跟腱损伤是精英盖尔足球中最常见的损伤，发病率从 2008-2011 年到 2012-2015 年增加。根据受伤史、年龄和比赛位置调整风险管理策略可能会降低跟腱损伤的负担。
